UNCHOPPING A TREE
Written by: W.S Merwin
Major theme:- to encourage to do afforestation and decrease random deforestation by showing the impossibility of re-chopping of tree after unchopping it.
This essay is a plea against deforestation. The essayist talk’s about unchopping or joining a tree which has been cut down into small pieces. The writer tells us to unchop or join all the parts of the tree place the tree where it was standing before we cut it.
This essay is pseudo directive, it has a meaning different from its surface meaning. The essay surface tells the thing but actually it want to suggest something else. In other word the apparent meaning of this essay is different from its real meaning .On the surface level the essay talk’s about unchopping a tree which has been cut down but inherently the essay are used against deforestation and please us to conserve nature.
In the essay the writer suggest that we should conserve the tree. We chop down the tree very easily but if we are asked to unchop or join all the parts of a chopped tree we can’t accomplish that task. The writer by asking us to unchop a tree is making us realize how difficult it is to grow a tree. He suggests that we should not chop down a tree because it is impossible to unchop it again.
The essay is the persuasive essay in which the essayist speaks to us directly and pursuits us to conserve the nature. This essay is the defense of nature preservation.
Alternatively,
Unchopping a Tree
-W. S. Merwin
In the essay “Unchopping a Tree”, the writer presents impossible example to convey deep meaning. Joining the chopped parts of trees refers to the new plantation of more trees in the open fields, which are full of stumps. Every part of trees refers to the every parts of the nature whether they are small or big. Each and every parts of nature is important. As we are also the creation of the nature, it is our duty to maintain the balance in the nature. We don’t have rights to destroy the nature. Actually we are not destroying the nature but we are destroying ourselves. Our lives totally depend upon the nature. Through the writer’s appeal to join the parts of the chopped trees, he wants to remind human beings about their important works to be done to conserve the greenery of the nature.
Unchopping a tree is impossible. It is only a kind of feeling but certainly it has meaning. The writer emphasizes on the preservation of the nature. The nature should be preserved and those persons who cur the trees must plant some more in replacement. When they save and plant the trees, it is unchopping a tree. The writer warns that it is easy to destroy but very hard to create. He further says that life of a tree and human life are the same so they should be preserved with equal emphasis. Not only the trees we should save but also should protect the habitats of some animals who live in trees.
The writer tries to persuade us how to work hard to bring the chopped tree into the original situation, which is not really possible. When a tree is felled down, there is no way to bring it into its original condition. But its place can be replaced with more trees, which we plant. Trees are also the important parts of the ecosystem as other living creatures. We should think of conservation of such trees instead of deforestation for the protection of the ecosystem.
Showing posts with label English-XI. Show all posts
Showing posts with label English-XI. Show all posts
Monday, January 2, 2012
The Three Days Blow
THE THREE DAY BLOW
[Written by: Earnest Hemingway (1899-1961)]
Major characters: - Nick & Bill
-A dramatic story that conveys the fullness of a formal rituals.
This is a dramatic story which contains the dramatic elements like character setting, scene etc. In this story the writer draws on analogy between the three day blow and the mental agony of the hero, Nick. This story is a dramatic story which contains approximately seven scenes, apart from the expository one. This story has two major character Nick and the bill and the entire story takes place either inside or outside the cottage . When the story begins Nick was walking around orchard near the cottage. The rain has just stopped and the autumn wind is blowing .Nick reaches the cottage .After this expository scenes there are seven more scenes. In the very first scenes Bills meet Nick at the door telling him that his father is out in the woods for hunting .Then they start talking about the blowing of the wind with Bill saying “She will blow like that for three for the next three days “.In the next scene both of them go inside start drinking. While drinking they discuss a variety of the topics like base ball players .Their favorite writer and their father .In the third scene nick want to that he is not drink .So he goes to bring a log to add it in the fire place. But while passing a pan with dry apricots fall off the Kitchen table .In the next scene Bill helps Nick to put log on the fire place and he brings another bottle of the whiskey.
In the next scene Nick goes into the Kitchen to drink some water. On his way back, he sees a mirror and looks on it. He smiles at strange face and the face too grins back. Then he winks at it and goes .Finally after many drinks they start talking about Nick was wish to be separated from his girlfriend .In bills opinion ,to get married is to ruin oneself. Nick has left her mother because of her trouble maker mother .Bills goes on giving several reason regarding why he did good by leaving his girlfriend while Nick just listen. After sometime Nick is lost in himself and he is no This is a dramatic story which contains the dramatic elements like character setting, scene etc. In this story the writer draws on analogy between the three day blow and the mental agony of the hero, Nick. This story is a dramatic story which contains approximately seven scenes, apart from the expository one. This story has two major character Nick and the bill and the entire story takes place either inside or outside the cottage . When the story begins Nick was walking around orchard near the cottage. The rain has just stopped and the autumn wind is blowing .Nick reaches the cottage .After this expository scenes there are seven more scenes. In the very first scenes Bills meet Nick at the door telling him that his father is out in the woods for hunting .Then they start talking about the blowing of the wind with Bill saying “She will blow like that for three for the next three days “.In the next scene both of them go inside start drinking. While drinking they discuss a variety of the topics like base ball players .Their favorite writer and their father .In the third scene nick want to that he is not drink .So he goes to bring a log to add it in the fire place. But while passing a pan with dry apricots fall off the Kitchen table .In the next scene Bill helps Nick to put log on the fire place and he brings another bottle of the whiskey.
In the next scene Nick goes into the Kitchen to drink some water. On his way back, he sees a mirror and looks on it. He smiles at strange face and the face too grins back. Then he winks at it and goes .Finally after many drinks they start talking about Nick was wish to be separated from his girlfriend .In bills opinion ,to get married is to ruin oneself. Nick has left her mother because of her trouble maker mother .Bills goes on giving several reason regarding why he did good by leaving his girlfriend while Nick just listen. After sometime Nick is lost in himself and he is no more drunk. The case of Marjorie seems to bother Nick a lot. According to nick everything was suddenly finished between him and Marjorie. It was just like the three day blow which comes suddenly and takes all the leaves off the tree. Finally, Nick seems to change his mind about the whole situation. Now ,he resolves to find Marjorie at any cost. Then Nick feels quite happy and relieved As he said, “There is always a chance”. In the last scene both of them feel that they should go hunting and they go out in the wild. Drunk. The case of Marjorie seems to bother Nick a lot. According to nick everything was suddenly finished between him and Marjorie. It was just like the three day blow which comes suddenly and takes all the leaves off the tree. Finally ,Nick seems to change his mind about the whole situation. Now, he resolves to find Marjorie at any cost. Then Nick feels quite happy and relieved As he said, “There is always a chance”. In the last scene both of them feel that they should go hunting and they go out in the wild.
Alternatively,
The Three Days Blow
Ernest Hemingway
“ The Three Days Blow” is a plot less story in a dramatic way. Two friends Nick and Bill meet at Bill’s cottage. The weather is shown violent. There is rain and storm. So, this is an ideal situation to stay inside home. They make fire, burn lots of logs and make themselves warm. They drink different alcohol and go on talking about different topics such as books, fishing, girlfriend, hunting, etc. without any plot, the story ends. The topics of the talk change suddenly from one subject to another. There is no third character. We know a lot about the subject, which go through their conversation only. Bill and Nick have no specific purpose of meetings or talking. The weather creates situation for them. This keeps them inside when they talk about different topics. Hemingway creates situation of drinking so that they can reveal their feelings. The scene moves forward excluding the opening exposition. He talks about the weather- rainfall, storm, wind, surf, etc. suddenly, he begins to have different sorts of drinks and talk about games of baseball. The topic of their talk shifts to books and writer. They slowly get drunk and talk about their habits. Then, they talk about nick’s girlfriend. This is the climax of the story. The theme of this scene lastly talks about hunting and go to.
When we read the drama, this scene opens one by one. The title of the story says something symbolically. Weather doesn’t remain same always. Even a single day we can experience the fluctuation of weather. This is the principle of nature. Weather is dynamic; it doesn’t remain constant all the time. Just like weather, mental conflict of tension of suffering is presented in several scenes or sequence of events. In the beginning scene, nick looks calm but with the movement of different scenes, his calm face changes.
The setting of this story goes to be open with a nice scene. Nick is presented in the beginning on the way. He is going up to the village. Natural presentation is also seen. There is an orchard and we see the blowing of air, breeze that is the first autumn storm. Nick picks up an apple and keeps it in his pocket. The two characters Nick and Bill are presented inside the house. They have their personal talk. The story begins with the scene of woods, lakes, kitchen, sitting room, dining room etc. In the beginning Nick is seen and the story ends with guns. They go down where Bill’s father was hunting. There are similar events between the whether and sequence of events of “The Three Days Blow”. There is conflict in the character Nick. He is getting confused about his girl friend Marjorie. He wants to meet her again but Bill makes him leave her. He wants to marry her although her mother is bad. So the conflicts are similar. There is union in both weather hand love of Nick with Marjorie. Weather becomes fair and love also becomes negotiable.
The story is dramatic because there are characters and dialogues and unity of time and place. There are two characters Nick and Bill who have continuous dialogues like in the drama. The setting of the story is also like a drama. There is internal and external scene. These scenes can be converted into the drama. They just talk about some little subject that is the subject matter of both drama and story. These story deals with love. Marjorie’s mother can be presented as an antagonist, Nick as a protagonist and Bill as an inciting force. So the story is dramatic.
The three-day blow and Nick’s mental condition are related. Marjorie’s business is fundamental subject of the story. Nick, though he is not enjoyed with her, is going to get married. Because of her mother, he breaks relation from Marjorie, his beloved. After different kinds of talks Bill and Nick’s conversations is concentrated. Marjorie’s business has broken his relation with her easily. So moment from Nick’s conflicts of love affairs, through suffering and separation to reconciliation ends. Thus Marjorie’s business is like a three day below that comes and disappears itself. Three-day blow comes, threatens and finally goes away. In the same way, conflict of love appears and disappears with despair and again with hope.
The Marjorie’s business is fundamental subject of this story. Nick, though he was not engaged with her, was going to get married. Because of her mother he broke relation from Marjorie, his beloved. His mother was very terrible. To marry her meant he would have married the whole family her mother.
Though the character Bill, the writer seems to be giving practical message. Nick seems to be emotional but Bill is practical. Nick is ready to accept Marjorie although her mother was bad. He really loves her and ready to accept her. His life can be compared with the storm. The moment when he met Marjorie and he left her due to unfavorable situation that moment is just like a violent storm, which doesn’t last for long time in the nature. Bill is practical. He says Nick to forget all the events related with Marjorie and lead his wife towards new direction. Human life is a mixture of sorrow and happiness. If any disastrous event comes in our life also, we should control our emotion and lead our life towards new phase and time happily. We should have capacity to adjust with all the fluctuations that come in our life.
[Written by: Earnest Hemingway (1899-1961)]
Major characters: - Nick & Bill
-A dramatic story that conveys the fullness of a formal rituals.
This is a dramatic story which contains the dramatic elements like character setting, scene etc. In this story the writer draws on analogy between the three day blow and the mental agony of the hero, Nick. This story is a dramatic story which contains approximately seven scenes, apart from the expository one. This story has two major character Nick and the bill and the entire story takes place either inside or outside the cottage . When the story begins Nick was walking around orchard near the cottage. The rain has just stopped and the autumn wind is blowing .Nick reaches the cottage .After this expository scenes there are seven more scenes. In the very first scenes Bills meet Nick at the door telling him that his father is out in the woods for hunting .Then they start talking about the blowing of the wind with Bill saying “She will blow like that for three for the next three days “.In the next scene both of them go inside start drinking. While drinking they discuss a variety of the topics like base ball players .Their favorite writer and their father .In the third scene nick want to that he is not drink .So he goes to bring a log to add it in the fire place. But while passing a pan with dry apricots fall off the Kitchen table .In the next scene Bill helps Nick to put log on the fire place and he brings another bottle of the whiskey.
In the next scene Nick goes into the Kitchen to drink some water. On his way back, he sees a mirror and looks on it. He smiles at strange face and the face too grins back. Then he winks at it and goes .Finally after many drinks they start talking about Nick was wish to be separated from his girlfriend .In bills opinion ,to get married is to ruin oneself. Nick has left her mother because of her trouble maker mother .Bills goes on giving several reason regarding why he did good by leaving his girlfriend while Nick just listen. After sometime Nick is lost in himself and he is no This is a dramatic story which contains the dramatic elements like character setting, scene etc. In this story the writer draws on analogy between the three day blow and the mental agony of the hero, Nick. This story is a dramatic story which contains approximately seven scenes, apart from the expository one. This story has two major character Nick and the bill and the entire story takes place either inside or outside the cottage . When the story begins Nick was walking around orchard near the cottage. The rain has just stopped and the autumn wind is blowing .Nick reaches the cottage .After this expository scenes there are seven more scenes. In the very first scenes Bills meet Nick at the door telling him that his father is out in the woods for hunting .Then they start talking about the blowing of the wind with Bill saying “She will blow like that for three for the next three days “.In the next scene both of them go inside start drinking. While drinking they discuss a variety of the topics like base ball players .Their favorite writer and their father .In the third scene nick want to that he is not drink .So he goes to bring a log to add it in the fire place. But while passing a pan with dry apricots fall off the Kitchen table .In the next scene Bill helps Nick to put log on the fire place and he brings another bottle of the whiskey.
In the next scene Nick goes into the Kitchen to drink some water. On his way back, he sees a mirror and looks on it. He smiles at strange face and the face too grins back. Then he winks at it and goes .Finally after many drinks they start talking about Nick was wish to be separated from his girlfriend .In bills opinion ,to get married is to ruin oneself. Nick has left her mother because of her trouble maker mother .Bills goes on giving several reason regarding why he did good by leaving his girlfriend while Nick just listen. After sometime Nick is lost in himself and he is no more drunk. The case of Marjorie seems to bother Nick a lot. According to nick everything was suddenly finished between him and Marjorie. It was just like the three day blow which comes suddenly and takes all the leaves off the tree. Finally, Nick seems to change his mind about the whole situation. Now ,he resolves to find Marjorie at any cost. Then Nick feels quite happy and relieved As he said, “There is always a chance”. In the last scene both of them feel that they should go hunting and they go out in the wild. Drunk. The case of Marjorie seems to bother Nick a lot. According to nick everything was suddenly finished between him and Marjorie. It was just like the three day blow which comes suddenly and takes all the leaves off the tree. Finally ,Nick seems to change his mind about the whole situation. Now, he resolves to find Marjorie at any cost. Then Nick feels quite happy and relieved As he said, “There is always a chance”. In the last scene both of them feel that they should go hunting and they go out in the wild.
Alternatively,
The Three Days Blow
Ernest Hemingway
“ The Three Days Blow” is a plot less story in a dramatic way. Two friends Nick and Bill meet at Bill’s cottage. The weather is shown violent. There is rain and storm. So, this is an ideal situation to stay inside home. They make fire, burn lots of logs and make themselves warm. They drink different alcohol and go on talking about different topics such as books, fishing, girlfriend, hunting, etc. without any plot, the story ends. The topics of the talk change suddenly from one subject to another. There is no third character. We know a lot about the subject, which go through their conversation only. Bill and Nick have no specific purpose of meetings or talking. The weather creates situation for them. This keeps them inside when they talk about different topics. Hemingway creates situation of drinking so that they can reveal their feelings. The scene moves forward excluding the opening exposition. He talks about the weather- rainfall, storm, wind, surf, etc. suddenly, he begins to have different sorts of drinks and talk about games of baseball. The topic of their talk shifts to books and writer. They slowly get drunk and talk about their habits. Then, they talk about nick’s girlfriend. This is the climax of the story. The theme of this scene lastly talks about hunting and go to.
When we read the drama, this scene opens one by one. The title of the story says something symbolically. Weather doesn’t remain same always. Even a single day we can experience the fluctuation of weather. This is the principle of nature. Weather is dynamic; it doesn’t remain constant all the time. Just like weather, mental conflict of tension of suffering is presented in several scenes or sequence of events. In the beginning scene, nick looks calm but with the movement of different scenes, his calm face changes.
The setting of this story goes to be open with a nice scene. Nick is presented in the beginning on the way. He is going up to the village. Natural presentation is also seen. There is an orchard and we see the blowing of air, breeze that is the first autumn storm. Nick picks up an apple and keeps it in his pocket. The two characters Nick and Bill are presented inside the house. They have their personal talk. The story begins with the scene of woods, lakes, kitchen, sitting room, dining room etc. In the beginning Nick is seen and the story ends with guns. They go down where Bill’s father was hunting. There are similar events between the whether and sequence of events of “The Three Days Blow”. There is conflict in the character Nick. He is getting confused about his girl friend Marjorie. He wants to meet her again but Bill makes him leave her. He wants to marry her although her mother is bad. So the conflicts are similar. There is union in both weather hand love of Nick with Marjorie. Weather becomes fair and love also becomes negotiable.
The story is dramatic because there are characters and dialogues and unity of time and place. There are two characters Nick and Bill who have continuous dialogues like in the drama. The setting of the story is also like a drama. There is internal and external scene. These scenes can be converted into the drama. They just talk about some little subject that is the subject matter of both drama and story. These story deals with love. Marjorie’s mother can be presented as an antagonist, Nick as a protagonist and Bill as an inciting force. So the story is dramatic.
The three-day blow and Nick’s mental condition are related. Marjorie’s business is fundamental subject of the story. Nick, though he is not enjoyed with her, is going to get married. Because of her mother, he breaks relation from Marjorie, his beloved. After different kinds of talks Bill and Nick’s conversations is concentrated. Marjorie’s business has broken his relation with her easily. So moment from Nick’s conflicts of love affairs, through suffering and separation to reconciliation ends. Thus Marjorie’s business is like a three day below that comes and disappears itself. Three-day blow comes, threatens and finally goes away. In the same way, conflict of love appears and disappears with despair and again with hope.
The Marjorie’s business is fundamental subject of this story. Nick, though he was not engaged with her, was going to get married. Because of her mother he broke relation from Marjorie, his beloved. His mother was very terrible. To marry her meant he would have married the whole family her mother.
Though the character Bill, the writer seems to be giving practical message. Nick seems to be emotional but Bill is practical. Nick is ready to accept Marjorie although her mother was bad. He really loves her and ready to accept her. His life can be compared with the storm. The moment when he met Marjorie and he left her due to unfavorable situation that moment is just like a violent storm, which doesn’t last for long time in the nature. Bill is practical. He says Nick to forget all the events related with Marjorie and lead his wife towards new direction. Human life is a mixture of sorrow and happiness. If any disastrous event comes in our life also, we should control our emotion and lead our life towards new phase and time happily. We should have capacity to adjust with all the fluctuations that come in our life.
The Six Million Dollar Man
The Six Million Dollar Man
Harold J. Morowit(1927)z
Major theme: To find out the (chemical) value of human life which is priceless.
Dr. Harold J Morowita is a professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry. He is a scientist, teacher, and author. ‘The Six Million Dollar Man’ is a popular essay in which Morowitz examines the statistical statement that the chemical value of the human body is only 97 cents. He spends his essay in refining and improving the statement and tries to arrive at a more accurate definition at the end.
From a biochemical catalogue he collects the information about the price of ingredients that the human body is made of. Then he calculates the average value of a gram dry weight of human being and his own dry weight. When he multiplies both, he finds his price, i.e. Six million dollar. But soon he realizes that each human being is priceless and infinitely precious. He concludes his essay with Alfred North Whiteheads conclusion that “ the human body is an instrument for the production at art in the life of the human soul.”
The author received a humorous birthday and from his daughter and son-in-law with a caption “ According to BIOCHEMISTS the materials that make up the HUMAN BODY are only worth 190 cents.” The definition compelled him to make thorough study of the entire matter. He started by sitting down with his catalogue from a biochemical company and began to list the ingredients and their prices. His biochemical value was 97c when he was paying for the informally poorest form of cool, air, water, lime, bulk iron, etc. but in the six million dollar figure he was paying for his atoms in the highest informational state in which they are commercially available.
It can be done for less than six thousand trillion dollars. But we cannot evaluate the human life in biochemical point of view. An incubator can develop micro-organisms artificially but it cannot assemble the cells into tissues, tissues into organs, and organs into a person, fill it with life and make a human being.
Thus, each human being is priceless and infinitely precious. We cannot evaluate a person’s life in terms of money. The rationality and humanity are the characteristics of human being. It can produce anything. Alfred North Whitehead is true that “ The human body is an instrument for the production of art in the life of human soul.”
Morowitz shifts his subject. He starts out talking about the human body and ends up talking about the human being. Human body and human being differ from each other. Human body is made up of chemical organism but a man becomes human being because of consciousness, rationality and some indispensable human qualities.
Alternatively,
THE SIX MILLION DOLLAR MAN
Written by: Harold J. Morowitz (1927)
In this essay the writer examines and criticizes the statical statement that the chemical value of the human body is only a few cents and not even a dollar .The writer once got a birthday card which mentioned that the chemical values of the Human body in only 97 cents. He was not satisfied with this definition and wanted to make a complete study of that matter by himself. The writer took a chemical supply catalogue and began to look the prices of all the chemicals that composed the human body. As he calculated the percentage of each chemical in the composition of the human body, he found out that the average value of a dry human body (Body composition without water) was 245.54 $/gram. The writer’s dry weight was 24436 grams .Finally multiplying his weight by 245.54 he found out that his body worth was more than $ 6 million.
But when the writer examined further he found out that the $ 6 million figure of the average human bodies worth is inaccurate .Even six million dollar were very low price for the human body. That figures applies only to the Human atoms price at their raw or informational state. But the chemicals in the human body are in purified stage .If the supply companies of chemicals had to purify or synthesize these chemical at raw state ,the price of a human body would be 6 billion dollar.
Now if these synthesized molecules were assembled into the cell, then the price would jump to six hundred billion or perhaps six trillion dollar. Now if we assemble the cells into tissues, the tissue into the organs and the organs into the whole body the price of the human body will increase beyond of ours immunization. Then, we suddenly realizes that each human being is infinity priceless.
Thus the writer begins with talking about the low price of human body and ends up talking about the priceless human being .He begins with isolated chemicals and then goes to larger compounds like cells, tissue, organ and then finally to a human being .From few cents he comes to dollar and from few dollar he comes to the great philosophical conclusion that every human being is endlessly valuable.
Harold J. Morowit(1927)z
Major theme: To find out the (chemical) value of human life which is priceless.
Dr. Harold J Morowita is a professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry. He is a scientist, teacher, and author. ‘The Six Million Dollar Man’ is a popular essay in which Morowitz examines the statistical statement that the chemical value of the human body is only 97 cents. He spends his essay in refining and improving the statement and tries to arrive at a more accurate definition at the end.
From a biochemical catalogue he collects the information about the price of ingredients that the human body is made of. Then he calculates the average value of a gram dry weight of human being and his own dry weight. When he multiplies both, he finds his price, i.e. Six million dollar. But soon he realizes that each human being is priceless and infinitely precious. He concludes his essay with Alfred North Whiteheads conclusion that “ the human body is an instrument for the production at art in the life of the human soul.”
The author received a humorous birthday and from his daughter and son-in-law with a caption “ According to BIOCHEMISTS the materials that make up the HUMAN BODY are only worth 190 cents.” The definition compelled him to make thorough study of the entire matter. He started by sitting down with his catalogue from a biochemical company and began to list the ingredients and their prices. His biochemical value was 97c when he was paying for the informally poorest form of cool, air, water, lime, bulk iron, etc. but in the six million dollar figure he was paying for his atoms in the highest informational state in which they are commercially available.
It can be done for less than six thousand trillion dollars. But we cannot evaluate the human life in biochemical point of view. An incubator can develop micro-organisms artificially but it cannot assemble the cells into tissues, tissues into organs, and organs into a person, fill it with life and make a human being.
Thus, each human being is priceless and infinitely precious. We cannot evaluate a person’s life in terms of money. The rationality and humanity are the characteristics of human being. It can produce anything. Alfred North Whitehead is true that “ The human body is an instrument for the production of art in the life of human soul.”
Morowitz shifts his subject. He starts out talking about the human body and ends up talking about the human being. Human body and human being differ from each other. Human body is made up of chemical organism but a man becomes human being because of consciousness, rationality and some indispensable human qualities.
Alternatively,
THE SIX MILLION DOLLAR MAN
Written by: Harold J. Morowitz (1927)
In this essay the writer examines and criticizes the statical statement that the chemical value of the human body is only a few cents and not even a dollar .The writer once got a birthday card which mentioned that the chemical values of the Human body in only 97 cents. He was not satisfied with this definition and wanted to make a complete study of that matter by himself. The writer took a chemical supply catalogue and began to look the prices of all the chemicals that composed the human body. As he calculated the percentage of each chemical in the composition of the human body, he found out that the average value of a dry human body (Body composition without water) was 245.54 $/gram. The writer’s dry weight was 24436 grams .Finally multiplying his weight by 245.54 he found out that his body worth was more than $ 6 million.
But when the writer examined further he found out that the $ 6 million figure of the average human bodies worth is inaccurate .Even six million dollar were very low price for the human body. That figures applies only to the Human atoms price at their raw or informational state. But the chemicals in the human body are in purified stage .If the supply companies of chemicals had to purify or synthesize these chemical at raw state ,the price of a human body would be 6 billion dollar.
Now if these synthesized molecules were assembled into the cell, then the price would jump to six hundred billion or perhaps six trillion dollar. Now if we assemble the cells into tissues, the tissue into the organs and the organs into the whole body the price of the human body will increase beyond of ours immunization. Then, we suddenly realizes that each human being is infinity priceless.
Thus the writer begins with talking about the low price of human body and ends up talking about the priceless human being .He begins with isolated chemicals and then goes to larger compounds like cells, tissue, organ and then finally to a human being .From few cents he comes to dollar and from few dollar he comes to the great philosophical conclusion that every human being is endlessly valuable.
The Poplar Field
THE POPLAR FIELD
[Written by: William Cowper (1731-1800)]
-It is a profound contemplation over the transition of human life and the things in nature that serve as remarkable source of pleasure to humans.
The poem urges us to protect nature. In the poem the poet express his personal emotion and feeling with nostalgic tone. The poet used to enjoy among the poplar trees in the past but now as the tree has been cut down the poet doesn’t get any cool shade and melodious song of the wind. The wind no longer plays and sing in the leaves of poplar trees because the tree is no longer exist also the poet could no longer see the reflection of poplar trees in the water of Oise river .Here, the tone of the poet is nostalgic.
His nostalgic tone continuous even in the second and third stanzas. Twelve year before the poet used to enjoy the beautiful scenery of the poplar field. He used to sit under the cool shade of the trees but now as the trees are laid down on the grass he sits on their logs. Once he used to hear the sweet song of the blackbirds but now they have flown away for another shelter.
The poet years are passing very quickly and one day he will have to die and lie in his grave but by then other poplar trees will not have grown in the place of the dead trees because it takes a longtime for the new trees to grow .Here the poet images himself dying and lying on his grave. He means that he has to die before another such groove of poplar trees grow in the place of the dead ones.
The bitter fact makes the poet contemplate on the temporary nature of human pleasure. The poet used to feel tremendous pleasure in the company of the poplar trees but now when the trees have been destroyed his pleasure too has perished and his pleasure cannot be restored in his lifetime, because it takes long time for the new poplar trees to grow in the place of the old ones. So the poet concludes that human enjoyment has shorter death than their short lives. The poet means that human pleasure dies sooner than human themselves.
Alternatively,
The Poplar Field
William Cowper
Hemingway is a romantic poet. Like his other literary works, this is also a romantic poem representing nature. He describes the difference in the environment and natural beauty before and after the poplar trees are fallen down. With example of poplar trees, the poet wants to show the real phase of human life according to rule of nature.
The poplars are cut down which used to grow along the Ouse River. The river doesn’t reflect the beautiful shadows of these trees. The musical environment has been ruined now. The leaves don’t blow the air and sing a song in happy mood. There are also no shades. These trees were once in the field but now they have become seats. Not only the environment has been ruined but there is also destruction of the blackbird’s habitat. The bird used to add charm in that beautiful environment by its different types of melodious songs. It has transferred its nest to the hazel trees to get shelter and shade.
The poet thinks that his days too are passing away fast and should be lying down like those poplars. He thinks that he will be in the tomb before such grove will grow again. Such scenes make him think deeply about human lives. He understands that trees are perishable like the woods. Such events inspire him to think about the perishable nature of human joys and our enjoyment is short when our lives are so short. Man is the most perishable thing in the world and will live shorter than now in the future.
The poem deals with the personal feeling according to the principle of romanticism. Romantic writers don’t write care the common interest so they express their personal emotions using singular pronoun ‘I’. So, in this poem we see the first person instead of others. Personal approach makes the expression stronger and powerful.
The poem compares the life cycle of poplar and the human life. Poplar grows up; it produces branches, leaves, etc. it makes shades and pillars. It lies down and perishes in the ground. Our lives also grow and perish. Human life is also similar to the natural life. However, the life of nature or tree passes through time. The human life is also the same. So, our enjoyment goes away from the life. As human life is not certain, we should live our life, every moment of life enjoying a lot and with great happiness. We cannot take these enjoyable moments with us after our death. We can take only the physical body, which we get from the nature. Our pleasures and enjoyments all die before our death.
The poem is remarkable for its celebration of the rural and its nostalgic tone. (Nostalgic poems are reminiscences of past life of a writer, is also part of autobiography). The poet recollects the scene of the poplar trees, which he used to enjoy the whispering sound of the tree columns. Winds used to play and sing in the leaves. Rivers reflect the image of the trees beautifully. Birds have shifted to other places. Melody has disappeared. Now he has no pleasures in these poplar trees. After 12 years he sees the field and feels everything dead by deplumation.
The poet has given indirect suggestion to the readers to protect the natural vegetation. He warns us that if we won’t protect the green forests now only, we will die before age. We should understand that we are living in this world just due to nature. We are just the products of nature and one day we have to surrender ourselves in the lap of nature. The poet has written this poem in defense of natural conservation because he thinks that we get some important human aspects from the trees. The poplars represent the forest. When we preserve the trees we can get shades and pillars for houses. Birds live there and they sing some melodious songs, which make our lives joyful. The poet compares the tree with human life and says our lives are more perishable than the trees. We are destroyed by the nature. So we should defend the nature.
[Written by: William Cowper (1731-1800)]
-It is a profound contemplation over the transition of human life and the things in nature that serve as remarkable source of pleasure to humans.
The poem urges us to protect nature. In the poem the poet express his personal emotion and feeling with nostalgic tone. The poet used to enjoy among the poplar trees in the past but now as the tree has been cut down the poet doesn’t get any cool shade and melodious song of the wind. The wind no longer plays and sing in the leaves of poplar trees because the tree is no longer exist also the poet could no longer see the reflection of poplar trees in the water of Oise river .Here, the tone of the poet is nostalgic.
His nostalgic tone continuous even in the second and third stanzas. Twelve year before the poet used to enjoy the beautiful scenery of the poplar field. He used to sit under the cool shade of the trees but now as the trees are laid down on the grass he sits on their logs. Once he used to hear the sweet song of the blackbirds but now they have flown away for another shelter.
The poet years are passing very quickly and one day he will have to die and lie in his grave but by then other poplar trees will not have grown in the place of the dead trees because it takes a longtime for the new trees to grow .Here the poet images himself dying and lying on his grave. He means that he has to die before another such groove of poplar trees grow in the place of the dead ones.
The bitter fact makes the poet contemplate on the temporary nature of human pleasure. The poet used to feel tremendous pleasure in the company of the poplar trees but now when the trees have been destroyed his pleasure too has perished and his pleasure cannot be restored in his lifetime, because it takes long time for the new poplar trees to grow in the place of the old ones. So the poet concludes that human enjoyment has shorter death than their short lives. The poet means that human pleasure dies sooner than human themselves.
Alternatively,
The Poplar Field
William Cowper
Hemingway is a romantic poet. Like his other literary works, this is also a romantic poem representing nature. He describes the difference in the environment and natural beauty before and after the poplar trees are fallen down. With example of poplar trees, the poet wants to show the real phase of human life according to rule of nature.
The poplars are cut down which used to grow along the Ouse River. The river doesn’t reflect the beautiful shadows of these trees. The musical environment has been ruined now. The leaves don’t blow the air and sing a song in happy mood. There are also no shades. These trees were once in the field but now they have become seats. Not only the environment has been ruined but there is also destruction of the blackbird’s habitat. The bird used to add charm in that beautiful environment by its different types of melodious songs. It has transferred its nest to the hazel trees to get shelter and shade.
The poet thinks that his days too are passing away fast and should be lying down like those poplars. He thinks that he will be in the tomb before such grove will grow again. Such scenes make him think deeply about human lives. He understands that trees are perishable like the woods. Such events inspire him to think about the perishable nature of human joys and our enjoyment is short when our lives are so short. Man is the most perishable thing in the world and will live shorter than now in the future.
The poem deals with the personal feeling according to the principle of romanticism. Romantic writers don’t write care the common interest so they express their personal emotions using singular pronoun ‘I’. So, in this poem we see the first person instead of others. Personal approach makes the expression stronger and powerful.
The poem compares the life cycle of poplar and the human life. Poplar grows up; it produces branches, leaves, etc. it makes shades and pillars. It lies down and perishes in the ground. Our lives also grow and perish. Human life is also similar to the natural life. However, the life of nature or tree passes through time. The human life is also the same. So, our enjoyment goes away from the life. As human life is not certain, we should live our life, every moment of life enjoying a lot and with great happiness. We cannot take these enjoyable moments with us after our death. We can take only the physical body, which we get from the nature. Our pleasures and enjoyments all die before our death.
The poem is remarkable for its celebration of the rural and its nostalgic tone. (Nostalgic poems are reminiscences of past life of a writer, is also part of autobiography). The poet recollects the scene of the poplar trees, which he used to enjoy the whispering sound of the tree columns. Winds used to play and sing in the leaves. Rivers reflect the image of the trees beautifully. Birds have shifted to other places. Melody has disappeared. Now he has no pleasures in these poplar trees. After 12 years he sees the field and feels everything dead by deplumation.
The poet has given indirect suggestion to the readers to protect the natural vegetation. He warns us that if we won’t protect the green forests now only, we will die before age. We should understand that we are living in this world just due to nature. We are just the products of nature and one day we have to surrender ourselves in the lap of nature. The poet has written this poem in defense of natural conservation because he thinks that we get some important human aspects from the trees. The poplars represent the forest. When we preserve the trees we can get shades and pillars for houses. Birds live there and they sing some melodious songs, which make our lives joyful. The poet compares the tree with human life and says our lives are more perishable than the trees. We are destroyed by the nature. So we should defend the nature.
The Nightmare Life Without Fuel
THE NIGHTMARE LIFE WITHOUT FUEL
[Written by: Issac Asimov (1920-1992)]
Major theme: - To draw the attention of concerned authority and all about the fuel/energy crisis in near future and to encourage to use non-renewable resources wisely.
In this essay the writer Isaac Asimov (1920-1992) deals with problem of fuel crises and draws our attention to the issue of conserving fuel. The major thrust (focus) of this essay is what is going to happen if we don’t conserve the world natural resources. Throughout the essay the writer depicts the nightmare life without the fuel. In this essay the writer portrays the American life during late 1990 when Americans were having horrible problem by the fuel crises. Because of the fuel crises in 1997 the prices of the fuel raised high and only very rich people can have the car. Life was worse outside the city area in the suburb area as due to the fuel crises the people living in suburbs used to push carts. If the road was blocked due to the snow storm, they suffered more. They couldn’t buy a lot of food at one time and they couldn’t use the refrigerator either. Because of the difficulty of the distribution of the food, Americans were forced to eat less.
The situation of the people outside America was worse. Not more than 20% of population has enough food to eat. The first and for most helpless victim of this starvation were babies after their mothers had gone dry because of the lack of nutrition.
About 40% of the people manage to little to keep their bodies working but that provide to be not enough for their brain. Those people were alive but they were permanently brain-damaged under nutrition. Moreover because of the fuel crises there were no more armies because they were expensive can consumed a lot of energy. The writer calls armies “The Expensive, energy gobbling monstrosities”.
The writer further depicts the nightmare life without fuel by informing that machines most be replaced by the humans bodies because of the fuel crises .People worked like machine and they had less free time. In fact they didn’t need more free time because they couldn’t enjoy T.V, movie and news book for a long time .work, Sleep and Eating had became the most important aspects of their life according to the writer the day had almost returned to the day of 18th century to the day before machine, industry, technology and the population of the world was going to be reduced from 5.5 billion to 1 billion because of hunger, diseases and starvation.
The writer concludes his essay by saying that now in such a situation the American could do nothing to prevent all this disaster, But if they would have started earlier, it would have been easy.
Alternatively,
The Nightmare Life Without Fuel
-Isaac Asimov
“The Nightmare Life Without Fuel” is an essay, which depicts the life of this world in coming future when the fuel resources will have reduced from their source. The main thrust of this essay is: what is going to happen if we do not conserve the world’s natural resources. Asimov focuses on a specific problem that will arise by the lack of fuels. This whole world is run by different resources such as petrol, diesel, water, wood, etc. We cannot imagine this world without the use of fuel. In comparison to the past days, we are now facing the problem of scarcity of fuel resources. Earlier these resources were found in large quantity and life style was easier.
As the fuel resources were abundantly found, every sector was found running successfully and easily. Factories, industries, transportation, great organizations, etc. were in proper condition. People didn’t have problem of scarcity of fuel resources. But slowly and gradually population growth increased and brought bad consequences. Agricultural lands occupied by huge buildings and industries. Also, the number of vehicles also increased. Due to the maximum use of the resources, human life has been in discomfort. Human beings feel that their lives are really unsecured. They always have fear that they will lose work and food. They think that they are themselves responsible for causing scarcity of resources. As they are less conscious of their future, they suffer because of the destruction of the resources. Most of them claim that they will have new resources invented. Of course, new resources such as nuclear energy and solar power have been discovered but they are very dangerous and also expensive in use. People know that their pleasures are in danger and also their future is dark. Coming generations will suffer more than us.
Asimov focuses on the decreasing resources of fuel in the world. The life will be full of struggle without fuel resources. This world will slowly go dark, as less lighting bulbs will be there in the streets. Electrical appliances will be used less as there will also be scarcity of electricity. Even luxurious provisions and equipments will be impossible. More time will be taken to do simple work also as there won’t be any vehicle running in the streets. There will be difficulty in transportation and accumulation of required foodstuffs. Due to the shortage of food, people will die due to starvation and malnutrition. Due to lack of proper balanced diet, there will be problem in human brains. Child death rate will increase, as children will be deprived of proper nutritious and body building food. Specially, simple towns, suburbs will be affected much. These areas depend upon transportation for all kinds of things. They will be in danger of extinction. Every human activity will be minimized due to less light, heat, and less comfort.
Security forces will also be affected badly. Without the use of weapons, military forces will be purposeless. Their work will end because they can’t work without fuel. They use scientific weapons, which are operate with fuel and are very expensive. Only the technically strong countries will be able to exercise their military power if fuel is saved in time. Factory workers will be jobless as industries and factories will be closed. So, it will be very difficult for them to provide basic needs to their family also.
Only small benefits will be there due to lack of fuel. The environment will be fresh, cool and pure. Crime rates will decrease. People will understand the importance of nature and will go attached with it. People will be cooperative, as all of them will be facing same problem. They will keep themselves warm using sweaters and other thick clothes only.
The writer tries to warn us from the devastating situation of this world in the coming future. If we are not serious at present only, we have to suffer a lot in the future. We must t understand the importance of the nature and try to conserve it. The world is depending upon the trade and because of trade the environment is being neglected. People are living in the cities and the environment of the cities is polluted. Major population of world should be engaged to plant the trees to make a better world in future. We cannot use the solar easily and even if we use, it cannot naturally help us. But if we preserve the jungle, our environment and energy will be improved.
[Written by: Issac Asimov (1920-1992)]
Major theme: - To draw the attention of concerned authority and all about the fuel/energy crisis in near future and to encourage to use non-renewable resources wisely.
In this essay the writer Isaac Asimov (1920-1992) deals with problem of fuel crises and draws our attention to the issue of conserving fuel. The major thrust (focus) of this essay is what is going to happen if we don’t conserve the world natural resources. Throughout the essay the writer depicts the nightmare life without the fuel. In this essay the writer portrays the American life during late 1990 when Americans were having horrible problem by the fuel crises. Because of the fuel crises in 1997 the prices of the fuel raised high and only very rich people can have the car. Life was worse outside the city area in the suburb area as due to the fuel crises the people living in suburbs used to push carts. If the road was blocked due to the snow storm, they suffered more. They couldn’t buy a lot of food at one time and they couldn’t use the refrigerator either. Because of the difficulty of the distribution of the food, Americans were forced to eat less.
The situation of the people outside America was worse. Not more than 20% of population has enough food to eat. The first and for most helpless victim of this starvation were babies after their mothers had gone dry because of the lack of nutrition.
About 40% of the people manage to little to keep their bodies working but that provide to be not enough for their brain. Those people were alive but they were permanently brain-damaged under nutrition. Moreover because of the fuel crises there were no more armies because they were expensive can consumed a lot of energy. The writer calls armies “The Expensive, energy gobbling monstrosities”.
The writer further depicts the nightmare life without fuel by informing that machines most be replaced by the humans bodies because of the fuel crises .People worked like machine and they had less free time. In fact they didn’t need more free time because they couldn’t enjoy T.V, movie and news book for a long time .work, Sleep and Eating had became the most important aspects of their life according to the writer the day had almost returned to the day of 18th century to the day before machine, industry, technology and the population of the world was going to be reduced from 5.5 billion to 1 billion because of hunger, diseases and starvation.
The writer concludes his essay by saying that now in such a situation the American could do nothing to prevent all this disaster, But if they would have started earlier, it would have been easy.
Alternatively,
The Nightmare Life Without Fuel
-Isaac Asimov
“The Nightmare Life Without Fuel” is an essay, which depicts the life of this world in coming future when the fuel resources will have reduced from their source. The main thrust of this essay is: what is going to happen if we do not conserve the world’s natural resources. Asimov focuses on a specific problem that will arise by the lack of fuels. This whole world is run by different resources such as petrol, diesel, water, wood, etc. We cannot imagine this world without the use of fuel. In comparison to the past days, we are now facing the problem of scarcity of fuel resources. Earlier these resources were found in large quantity and life style was easier.
As the fuel resources were abundantly found, every sector was found running successfully and easily. Factories, industries, transportation, great organizations, etc. were in proper condition. People didn’t have problem of scarcity of fuel resources. But slowly and gradually population growth increased and brought bad consequences. Agricultural lands occupied by huge buildings and industries. Also, the number of vehicles also increased. Due to the maximum use of the resources, human life has been in discomfort. Human beings feel that their lives are really unsecured. They always have fear that they will lose work and food. They think that they are themselves responsible for causing scarcity of resources. As they are less conscious of their future, they suffer because of the destruction of the resources. Most of them claim that they will have new resources invented. Of course, new resources such as nuclear energy and solar power have been discovered but they are very dangerous and also expensive in use. People know that their pleasures are in danger and also their future is dark. Coming generations will suffer more than us.
Asimov focuses on the decreasing resources of fuel in the world. The life will be full of struggle without fuel resources. This world will slowly go dark, as less lighting bulbs will be there in the streets. Electrical appliances will be used less as there will also be scarcity of electricity. Even luxurious provisions and equipments will be impossible. More time will be taken to do simple work also as there won’t be any vehicle running in the streets. There will be difficulty in transportation and accumulation of required foodstuffs. Due to the shortage of food, people will die due to starvation and malnutrition. Due to lack of proper balanced diet, there will be problem in human brains. Child death rate will increase, as children will be deprived of proper nutritious and body building food. Specially, simple towns, suburbs will be affected much. These areas depend upon transportation for all kinds of things. They will be in danger of extinction. Every human activity will be minimized due to less light, heat, and less comfort.
Security forces will also be affected badly. Without the use of weapons, military forces will be purposeless. Their work will end because they can’t work without fuel. They use scientific weapons, which are operate with fuel and are very expensive. Only the technically strong countries will be able to exercise their military power if fuel is saved in time. Factory workers will be jobless as industries and factories will be closed. So, it will be very difficult for them to provide basic needs to their family also.
Only small benefits will be there due to lack of fuel. The environment will be fresh, cool and pure. Crime rates will decrease. People will understand the importance of nature and will go attached with it. People will be cooperative, as all of them will be facing same problem. They will keep themselves warm using sweaters and other thick clothes only.
The writer tries to warn us from the devastating situation of this world in the coming future. If we are not serious at present only, we have to suffer a lot in the future. We must t understand the importance of the nature and try to conserve it. The world is depending upon the trade and because of trade the environment is being neglected. People are living in the cities and the environment of the cities is polluted. Major population of world should be engaged to plant the trees to make a better world in future. We cannot use the solar easily and even if we use, it cannot naturally help us. But if we preserve the jungle, our environment and energy will be improved.
The Loving Mother
THE LOVING MOTHER
A story from the island of Hokkaido, Japan
[Major characters: Shoji Sakota]
‘The Loving Mother’ is a story that reveals the everlasting love of a mother to her baby even after her death. It particularly gives central focus round the mysterious arrival of a woman at a pharmacist’s usually at midnight. Shoji Sakota, the protagonist of this story undergoes an unseen fear when he received the frequent visit in the same time almost every night. Sakota was a Japanese pharmacist who lived a lonely life since his wife had died many years before. One stormy winter night, when he was preparing the annual business report, someone knocked at the door. At first he didn’t pay much attention towards the knock thinking that whoever came there would see the drugstore closed and return back. Second time also he heard the knock at the door and thought that the wind was making the sound. The frequency of knock grew that compelled him to think whether he might have some urgent house call. He looked outside from the window quietly and saw there a woman standing and speaking in a trembling voice. He suspected her and thought whether it might be her trick to rob him. But her continuous pleads made him open the door. The woman looked not like a normal woman. She was wearing a torn out gown and her hair was not arranged. She asked Sakota for an ame on a stick. Sakota was surprised when he knew about her request because he thought that she would ask for the medicine.
The woman came to the shop in the following nights regularly with same request at the same time. With a view to have detail study about a woman, he called his friend who was a photographer by profession. They managed to take photos of that woman secretly. But, when the film was developed, there was no sign of the woman except the things in the drugstore. The mystery remained so intense that ultimately forced them to follow her up to her bedroom. They followed on her way back to her home and they became able to find the same woman lying beside her child who was enjoying the ame on a stick, which she brought from Shoji Sakota. When Mr. Sakota saw her sleeping instantly, he thought it was merely a kind of pretension. The moment he touched her with his fingers he became sure that she had been dead for many days.
In this story, the spirit of a loving mother visited Mr. Sakota’s pharmacy in order to buy ame on a stick mostly preferred by her child. Though the mother is dead, her spirit shows an infinite love to her child who is reported to have been sick for many days. Her death was quite unknown to others. Moreover, there was nobody to look after her.
Alternatively,
The Loving Mother
‘The Loving Mother’ is a story that reveals the everlasting love of a mother to her baby even after her death. It particularly gives central focus round the mysterious arrival of a woman at a pharmacist’s usually at midnight. Shoji Sakota, the protagonist of this story undergoes an unseen fear when he received the frequent visit in the same time almost every night. Sakota was a Japanese pharmacist who lived a lonely life since his wife had died many years before. One stormy winter night, when he was preparing the annual business report, someone knocked at the door. At first he didn’t pay much attention towards the knock thinking that whoever came there would see the drugstore closed and return back. Second time also he heard the knock at the door and thought that the wind was making the sound. The frequency of knock grew that compelled him to think whether he might have some urgent house call. He looked outside from the window quietly and saw there a woman standing and speaking in a trembling voice. He suspected her and thought whether it might be her trick to rob him. But her continuous pleads made him open the door. The woman looked not like a normal woman. She was wearing a torn out gown and her hair was not arranged. She asked Sakota for an ame on a stick stick. Sakota was surprised when he knew about her request because he thought that she would ask for the medicine.
The woman came to the shop in the following nights regularly with same request at the same time. With a view to have detail study about a woman, he called his friend who was a photographer by profession. They managed to take photos of that woman secretly. But, when the film was developed, there was no sign of the woman except the things in the drugstore. The mystery remained so intense that ultimately forced them to follow her up to her bedroom. They followed on her way back to her home and they became able to find the same woman lying beside her child who was enjoying the ame on a stick, which she brought from Shoji Sakota. When Mr. Sakota saw her sleeping instantly, he thought it was merely a kind of pretension. The moment he touched her with his fingers he became sure that she had been dead for many days.
In this story, the spirit of a loving mother visited Mr. Sakota’s pharmacy in order to buy ame on a stick mostly preferred by her child. Though the mother is dead, her spirit shows an infinite love to her child who is reported to have been sick for many days. Her death was quite unknown to others. Moreover, there was nobody to look after her.
A story from the island of Hokkaido, Japan
[Major characters: Shoji Sakota]
‘The Loving Mother’ is a story that reveals the everlasting love of a mother to her baby even after her death. It particularly gives central focus round the mysterious arrival of a woman at a pharmacist’s usually at midnight. Shoji Sakota, the protagonist of this story undergoes an unseen fear when he received the frequent visit in the same time almost every night. Sakota was a Japanese pharmacist who lived a lonely life since his wife had died many years before. One stormy winter night, when he was preparing the annual business report, someone knocked at the door. At first he didn’t pay much attention towards the knock thinking that whoever came there would see the drugstore closed and return back. Second time also he heard the knock at the door and thought that the wind was making the sound. The frequency of knock grew that compelled him to think whether he might have some urgent house call. He looked outside from the window quietly and saw there a woman standing and speaking in a trembling voice. He suspected her and thought whether it might be her trick to rob him. But her continuous pleads made him open the door. The woman looked not like a normal woman. She was wearing a torn out gown and her hair was not arranged. She asked Sakota for an ame on a stick. Sakota was surprised when he knew about her request because he thought that she would ask for the medicine.
The woman came to the shop in the following nights regularly with same request at the same time. With a view to have detail study about a woman, he called his friend who was a photographer by profession. They managed to take photos of that woman secretly. But, when the film was developed, there was no sign of the woman except the things in the drugstore. The mystery remained so intense that ultimately forced them to follow her up to her bedroom. They followed on her way back to her home and they became able to find the same woman lying beside her child who was enjoying the ame on a stick, which she brought from Shoji Sakota. When Mr. Sakota saw her sleeping instantly, he thought it was merely a kind of pretension. The moment he touched her with his fingers he became sure that she had been dead for many days.
In this story, the spirit of a loving mother visited Mr. Sakota’s pharmacy in order to buy ame on a stick mostly preferred by her child. Though the mother is dead, her spirit shows an infinite love to her child who is reported to have been sick for many days. Her death was quite unknown to others. Moreover, there was nobody to look after her.
Alternatively,
The Loving Mother
‘The Loving Mother’ is a story that reveals the everlasting love of a mother to her baby even after her death. It particularly gives central focus round the mysterious arrival of a woman at a pharmacist’s usually at midnight. Shoji Sakota, the protagonist of this story undergoes an unseen fear when he received the frequent visit in the same time almost every night. Sakota was a Japanese pharmacist who lived a lonely life since his wife had died many years before. One stormy winter night, when he was preparing the annual business report, someone knocked at the door. At first he didn’t pay much attention towards the knock thinking that whoever came there would see the drugstore closed and return back. Second time also he heard the knock at the door and thought that the wind was making the sound. The frequency of knock grew that compelled him to think whether he might have some urgent house call. He looked outside from the window quietly and saw there a woman standing and speaking in a trembling voice. He suspected her and thought whether it might be her trick to rob him. But her continuous pleads made him open the door. The woman looked not like a normal woman. She was wearing a torn out gown and her hair was not arranged. She asked Sakota for an ame on a stick stick. Sakota was surprised when he knew about her request because he thought that she would ask for the medicine.
The woman came to the shop in the following nights regularly with same request at the same time. With a view to have detail study about a woman, he called his friend who was a photographer by profession. They managed to take photos of that woman secretly. But, when the film was developed, there was no sign of the woman except the things in the drugstore. The mystery remained so intense that ultimately forced them to follow her up to her bedroom. They followed on her way back to her home and they became able to find the same woman lying beside her child who was enjoying the ame on a stick, which she brought from Shoji Sakota. When Mr. Sakota saw her sleeping instantly, he thought it was merely a kind of pretension. The moment he touched her with his fingers he became sure that she had been dead for many days.
In this story, the spirit of a loving mother visited Mr. Sakota’s pharmacy in order to buy ame on a stick mostly preferred by her child. Though the mother is dead, her spirit shows an infinite love to her child who is reported to have been sick for many days. Her death was quite unknown to others. Moreover, there was nobody to look after her.
The Lost Doll
THE LOST DOLL
A story from Colombia, South Africa
[Major characters: Maria del Carmen, Roberto & Rosa- father and mother of Carmen Evangelina- little sister of Carmen]
Carmen was the only child of Roberto and Rosa Soto. She was beautiful, bright and loving child. However she was sick from the day of her birth. When she was four, she fell sick seriously and died. A few days after the funeral ceremony, Rosa gave away Carmen’s playthings and clothes to a priest of another village so that she couldn’t see them time and again. She thought that she wouldn’t have another child as she was told at the time of Carmen’s birth. When Roberto knew about it, he became very unhappy because he was hopeful that they would have another child. He asked about her the little dolly which Carmen always carried with her. Rosa said that she didn’t give it away. Then they searched everywhere in the house as well asked the villagers too but they couldn’t find it.
However, they soon forgot about the lost doll because Rosa became pregnant. On the first anniversary of the death of Carmen, Rosa gave birth to another child. Roberto and Rosa became very happy. She was named Evangelina, which meant “good news”. When Evangelina grew she looked very much similar to her sister Carmen. But she was healthy girl. When she was about four, she told her mother that she had been sick a long time ago. She also told her aunt that she had a little, beautiful doll with blue eyes and red dress. She had buried it under a tree in the yard. She requested her mother to dig up the doll. When Rosa dug up the ground, she found the lost doll. She looked surprised, shocked and sick because it was difficult for her to believe. Evangelina also said that when she was sick, the nice man came and helped her to bury that doll under the tree.
The story accounts the supernatural significance regarding its particular focus on the concept of reincarnation. When Evangelina was born and grown up, she looked very much similar to that of Carmen’s actions, characters, behaviors and other many things were very much similar. The priest said that God healed Carmen and sent her back in the form of healthy Evangelina. Though Rosa did not believe that her newly born child as the reincarnation of Carmen but she could not reject the mysterious fact towards the end of the story. When Evangelina reported everything about past and about her doll, Rosa could say nothing anymore.
Alternatively
The Lost Doll
Carmen was the only child of Roberto and Rosa Soto. She was beautiful, bright and loving child. However she was sick from the day of her birth. When she was four, she fell sick seriously and died. A few days after the funeral ceremony, Rosa gave away Carmen’s playthings and clothes to a priest of another village so that she couldn’t see them time and again. She thought that she wouldn’t have another child as she was told at the time of Carmen’s birth. When Roberto knew about it, he became very unhappy because he was hopeful that they would have another child. He asked about her the little dolly which Carmen always carried with her. Rosa said that she didn’t give it away. Then they searched everywhere in the house as well asked the villagers too but they couldn’t find it.
However they soon forgot about the lost doll because Rosa became pregnant. On the first anniversary of the death of Carmen, Rosa gave birth to another child. Roberto and Rosa became very happy. She was named Evangelina, which meant “good news”. When Evangelina grew she looked very much similar to her sister Carmen. But she was healthy girl. When she was about four, she told her mother that she had been sick a long time ago. She also told her aunt that she had a little, beautiful doll with blue eyes and red dress. She had buried it under a tree in the yard. She requested her mother to dig up the doll. When Rosa dug up the ground, she found the lost doll. She looked surprised, shocked and sick because it was difficult for her to believe. Evangelina also said that when she was sick, the nice man came and helped her to bury that doll under the tree.
The story accounts the supernatural significance regarding its particular focus on the concept of reincarnation. When Evangelina was born and grown up, she looked very much similar to that of Carmen’s actions, characters, behaviours and other many things were very much similar. The priest said that God healed Carmen and sent her back in the form of healthy Evangelina. Though Rosa did not believe that her newly born child as the reincarnation of Carmen but she could not reject the mysterious fact towards the end of the story. When Evangelina reported everything about past and about her doll, Rosa could say nothing anymore.
A story from Colombia, South Africa
[Major characters: Maria del Carmen, Roberto & Rosa- father and mother of Carmen Evangelina- little sister of Carmen]
Carmen was the only child of Roberto and Rosa Soto. She was beautiful, bright and loving child. However she was sick from the day of her birth. When she was four, she fell sick seriously and died. A few days after the funeral ceremony, Rosa gave away Carmen’s playthings and clothes to a priest of another village so that she couldn’t see them time and again. She thought that she wouldn’t have another child as she was told at the time of Carmen’s birth. When Roberto knew about it, he became very unhappy because he was hopeful that they would have another child. He asked about her the little dolly which Carmen always carried with her. Rosa said that she didn’t give it away. Then they searched everywhere in the house as well asked the villagers too but they couldn’t find it.
However, they soon forgot about the lost doll because Rosa became pregnant. On the first anniversary of the death of Carmen, Rosa gave birth to another child. Roberto and Rosa became very happy. She was named Evangelina, which meant “good news”. When Evangelina grew she looked very much similar to her sister Carmen. But she was healthy girl. When she was about four, she told her mother that she had been sick a long time ago. She also told her aunt that she had a little, beautiful doll with blue eyes and red dress. She had buried it under a tree in the yard. She requested her mother to dig up the doll. When Rosa dug up the ground, she found the lost doll. She looked surprised, shocked and sick because it was difficult for her to believe. Evangelina also said that when she was sick, the nice man came and helped her to bury that doll under the tree.
The story accounts the supernatural significance regarding its particular focus on the concept of reincarnation. When Evangelina was born and grown up, she looked very much similar to that of Carmen’s actions, characters, behaviors and other many things were very much similar. The priest said that God healed Carmen and sent her back in the form of healthy Evangelina. Though Rosa did not believe that her newly born child as the reincarnation of Carmen but she could not reject the mysterious fact towards the end of the story. When Evangelina reported everything about past and about her doll, Rosa could say nothing anymore.
Alternatively
The Lost Doll
Carmen was the only child of Roberto and Rosa Soto. She was beautiful, bright and loving child. However she was sick from the day of her birth. When she was four, she fell sick seriously and died. A few days after the funeral ceremony, Rosa gave away Carmen’s playthings and clothes to a priest of another village so that she couldn’t see them time and again. She thought that she wouldn’t have another child as she was told at the time of Carmen’s birth. When Roberto knew about it, he became very unhappy because he was hopeful that they would have another child. He asked about her the little dolly which Carmen always carried with her. Rosa said that she didn’t give it away. Then they searched everywhere in the house as well asked the villagers too but they couldn’t find it.
However they soon forgot about the lost doll because Rosa became pregnant. On the first anniversary of the death of Carmen, Rosa gave birth to another child. Roberto and Rosa became very happy. She was named Evangelina, which meant “good news”. When Evangelina grew she looked very much similar to her sister Carmen. But she was healthy girl. When she was about four, she told her mother that she had been sick a long time ago. She also told her aunt that she had a little, beautiful doll with blue eyes and red dress. She had buried it under a tree in the yard. She requested her mother to dig up the doll. When Rosa dug up the ground, she found the lost doll. She looked surprised, shocked and sick because it was difficult for her to believe. Evangelina also said that when she was sick, the nice man came and helped her to bury that doll under the tree.
The story accounts the supernatural significance regarding its particular focus on the concept of reincarnation. When Evangelina was born and grown up, she looked very much similar to that of Carmen’s actions, characters, behaviours and other many things were very much similar. The priest said that God healed Carmen and sent her back in the form of healthy Evangelina. Though Rosa did not believe that her newly born child as the reincarnation of Carmen but she could not reject the mysterious fact towards the end of the story. When Evangelina reported everything about past and about her doll, Rosa could say nothing anymore.
The House Call
THE HOUSE CALL
A story from Germany
[Major characters: Dr. Emil Braun, Elda and her daughter Adelheid]
“The House Call” is a story from Germany that basically concentrates upon the mysterious arrival of the spirit of a young girl to make a call to the doctor for the treatment of her mother who was suffering from pneumonia for several days. Dr. Brawn, the protagonist of this story, is identified as the famous surgeon in his locality. The day after the Christmas of 1903, he was sitting alone in his dining room in about 9:30 p.m. he was quite tired even unable to take his evening meal due to hard surgery, which he performed on his particular day. He was preparing report about his surgical works and putting his head down the table and dozing. He suddenly woke up when he heard the doorbell.
After sometime, he came to know that he had a patient to see. In fact it was a young girl who had come to call the doctor for her mother. Despite his exertion, Braun decided to follow her up to her home and see her mother. The doctor tried to catch her up on the way so that he could have asked many questions related to her mother and about herself. The doctor was old enough to walk on the speed as the girl was making a rush towards her home. Anyway the doctor managed to follow her till he reached at her old apartment where a woman seemed to be lying on the bed.
The doctor checked her up and found that she was suffering from pneumonia. He provided her some medicine that comforted the woman because she was the same woman who once worked in the same hospital as the maintenance staff. The doctor knew that Elda had gone to stay at her brother’s house in the village. The woman further added that she came back just three months ago after her only child Adelheid died. Dr. Braun was very surprised because the very child had been to the doctor to make a call. The woman further showed some of her belongings to revive her memory in her old and least furnished apartment. The ragged shawl and tattered shoes shown to doctor by her mother made him more confused and serious because he had seen the girl in the same dress. When he looked at Elda he found her asleep and returned with his black bag on his hand.
Alternatively,
The House Call
“The House Call” is a story from Germany that basically concentrates upon the mysterious arrival of the spirit of a young girl to make a call to the doctor for the treatment of her mother who was suffering from pneumonia for several days. Dr. Brawn, the protagonist of this story, is identified as the famous surgeon in his locality. The day after the Christmas of 1903, he was sitting alone in his dining room in about 9:30 p.m. he was quite tired even unable to take his evening meal due to hard surgery, which he performed on his particular day. He was preparing report about his surgical works and putting his head down the table and dozing. He suddenly woke up when he heard the doorbell. After sometime, he came to know that he had a patient to see. In fact it was a young girl who had come to call the doctor for her mother. Despite his exertion, Braun decided to follow her up to her home and see her mother. The doctor tried to catch her up on the way so that he could have asked many questions related to her mother and about herself. The doctor was old enough to walk on the speed as the girl was making a rush towards her home. Anyway the doctor managed to follow her till he reached at her old apartment where a woman seemed to be lying on the bed.
The doctor checked her up and found that she was suffering from pneumonia. He provided her some medicine that comforted the woman because she was the same woman who once worked in the same hospital as the maintenance staff. The doctor knew that Elda had gone to stay at her brother’s house in the village. The woman further added that she came back just three months ago after her only child Adelheid died. Dr. Braun was very surprised because the very child had been to the doctor to make a call. The woman further showed some of her belongings to revive her memory in her old and least furnished apartment. The ragged shawl and tattered shoes shown to doctor by her mother made him more confused and serious because he had seen the girl in the same dress. When he looked at Elda he found her asleep and returned with his black bag on his hand.
A story from Germany
[Major characters: Dr. Emil Braun, Elda and her daughter Adelheid]
“The House Call” is a story from Germany that basically concentrates upon the mysterious arrival of the spirit of a young girl to make a call to the doctor for the treatment of her mother who was suffering from pneumonia for several days. Dr. Brawn, the protagonist of this story, is identified as the famous surgeon in his locality. The day after the Christmas of 1903, he was sitting alone in his dining room in about 9:30 p.m. he was quite tired even unable to take his evening meal due to hard surgery, which he performed on his particular day. He was preparing report about his surgical works and putting his head down the table and dozing. He suddenly woke up when he heard the doorbell.
After sometime, he came to know that he had a patient to see. In fact it was a young girl who had come to call the doctor for her mother. Despite his exertion, Braun decided to follow her up to her home and see her mother. The doctor tried to catch her up on the way so that he could have asked many questions related to her mother and about herself. The doctor was old enough to walk on the speed as the girl was making a rush towards her home. Anyway the doctor managed to follow her till he reached at her old apartment where a woman seemed to be lying on the bed.
The doctor checked her up and found that she was suffering from pneumonia. He provided her some medicine that comforted the woman because she was the same woman who once worked in the same hospital as the maintenance staff. The doctor knew that Elda had gone to stay at her brother’s house in the village. The woman further added that she came back just three months ago after her only child Adelheid died. Dr. Braun was very surprised because the very child had been to the doctor to make a call. The woman further showed some of her belongings to revive her memory in her old and least furnished apartment. The ragged shawl and tattered shoes shown to doctor by her mother made him more confused and serious because he had seen the girl in the same dress. When he looked at Elda he found her asleep and returned with his black bag on his hand.
Alternatively,
The House Call
“The House Call” is a story from Germany that basically concentrates upon the mysterious arrival of the spirit of a young girl to make a call to the doctor for the treatment of her mother who was suffering from pneumonia for several days. Dr. Brawn, the protagonist of this story, is identified as the famous surgeon in his locality. The day after the Christmas of 1903, he was sitting alone in his dining room in about 9:30 p.m. he was quite tired even unable to take his evening meal due to hard surgery, which he performed on his particular day. He was preparing report about his surgical works and putting his head down the table and dozing. He suddenly woke up when he heard the doorbell. After sometime, he came to know that he had a patient to see. In fact it was a young girl who had come to call the doctor for her mother. Despite his exertion, Braun decided to follow her up to her home and see her mother. The doctor tried to catch her up on the way so that he could have asked many questions related to her mother and about herself. The doctor was old enough to walk on the speed as the girl was making a rush towards her home. Anyway the doctor managed to follow her till he reached at her old apartment where a woman seemed to be lying on the bed.
The doctor checked her up and found that she was suffering from pneumonia. He provided her some medicine that comforted the woman because she was the same woman who once worked in the same hospital as the maintenance staff. The doctor knew that Elda had gone to stay at her brother’s house in the village. The woman further added that she came back just three months ago after her only child Adelheid died. Dr. Braun was very surprised because the very child had been to the doctor to make a call. The woman further showed some of her belongings to revive her memory in her old and least furnished apartment. The ragged shawl and tattered shoes shown to doctor by her mother made him more confused and serious because he had seen the girl in the same dress. When he looked at Elda he found her asleep and returned with his black bag on his hand.
The Gardener
THE GARDENER
Written by: Rudyard Kipling( 1865-1936)
# Story represents Kipling’s scorn of organized society’s shallowness of feeling and his conviction of the depth and purity of individual feelings.
[Major characters: Helen Turrell, Michael Turrell, Mrs. Scarsworth, the gardener]
Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936), a British poet, novelist, and the writer of short stories was born in India and set many of his writings in the Indian flavor. He was awarded by the Nobel Prize for literature in 1907.
‘The Gardener’ ends surprisingly revealing the reality of Helen, the protagonist, and her relationship with Michael. Michael, whom Helen calls nephew, is in reality, her son whose father is unknown throughout the story. The gardener is a mysterious character who does not appear at first and in the middle but only at the last of the story creating confusions in the readers.
Helen Turrell conceals (hides) the truth about Michael till the end of the story but she does not show any reaction when the gardener confidently says he will tell where her son lies.
The villagers of Hampshire believe Michael to be an unfortunate son of Helen’s late brother, George Turrell and his beloved (not wife). Actually it was not so. She had created a false story about Michael’s parents. Michael was born when Helen was in southern part of France. She had told lies about her trip that she had long troubles. Because of the fear of social stigma she had told another lie that she had arranged for the passage of the child and a nurse from Bombay. She was thirty-five when she gave birth to the child. She showed much fondness to the child despite the fact that she was not the child lover.
Michael was fearless, Philosophical, and fairly good-looking. At the age of six, he knew that Helen was not her real mother but his aunt. She did not allow Michael to say her mummy because she was unmarried. To escape from the society’s contempt, she made Michael know the false reality.
Michael got maturity in due course of time but his interest in Helen was constant and increasing throughout. Though Helen wanted him to go to Oxford University, he took war as his career. The First World War was going on. Many soldiers were killed during war. Michael was killed by the shell-splinter explosion. After getting full proof about his death, Helen, being a next of –kin, prepared to go and see his grave in Hazenzeelein the third Military Cemetery with perfect information.
In a teashop, three kilometers away from cemetery, she met an English Woman, Mrs. Scarsworth. They stopped in a hotel where Mrs. Scarsworth revealed that she had come there to see the grave of someone special to her and also that she was unmarried. Helen told lie that she had come to see her nephew’s grave.
Next morning she walked alone towards the grave. As she was searching at the mean time she saw a man knelt behind a line of headstones-evidently a gardener. He did not introduce with her neither did he salute her. He asked her who she was looking for. She said it was Lieutenant Michael Turrell, her nephew. He had finite compassion in his expression and eyes. He said he would show her where her ‘son’ lay. She went away, supposing him to be the gardener when she left the cemetery.
Written by: Rudyard Kipling( 1865-1936)
# Story represents Kipling’s scorn of organized society’s shallowness of feeling and his conviction of the depth and purity of individual feelings.
[Major characters: Helen Turrell, Michael Turrell, Mrs. Scarsworth, the gardener]
Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936), a British poet, novelist, and the writer of short stories was born in India and set many of his writings in the Indian flavor. He was awarded by the Nobel Prize for literature in 1907.
‘The Gardener’ ends surprisingly revealing the reality of Helen, the protagonist, and her relationship with Michael. Michael, whom Helen calls nephew, is in reality, her son whose father is unknown throughout the story. The gardener is a mysterious character who does not appear at first and in the middle but only at the last of the story creating confusions in the readers.
Helen Turrell conceals (hides) the truth about Michael till the end of the story but she does not show any reaction when the gardener confidently says he will tell where her son lies.
The villagers of Hampshire believe Michael to be an unfortunate son of Helen’s late brother, George Turrell and his beloved (not wife). Actually it was not so. She had created a false story about Michael’s parents. Michael was born when Helen was in southern part of France. She had told lies about her trip that she had long troubles. Because of the fear of social stigma she had told another lie that she had arranged for the passage of the child and a nurse from Bombay. She was thirty-five when she gave birth to the child. She showed much fondness to the child despite the fact that she was not the child lover.
Michael was fearless, Philosophical, and fairly good-looking. At the age of six, he knew that Helen was not her real mother but his aunt. She did not allow Michael to say her mummy because she was unmarried. To escape from the society’s contempt, she made Michael know the false reality.
Michael got maturity in due course of time but his interest in Helen was constant and increasing throughout. Though Helen wanted him to go to Oxford University, he took war as his career. The First World War was going on. Many soldiers were killed during war. Michael was killed by the shell-splinter explosion. After getting full proof about his death, Helen, being a next of –kin, prepared to go and see his grave in Hazenzeelein the third Military Cemetery with perfect information.
In a teashop, three kilometers away from cemetery, she met an English Woman, Mrs. Scarsworth. They stopped in a hotel where Mrs. Scarsworth revealed that she had come there to see the grave of someone special to her and also that she was unmarried. Helen told lie that she had come to see her nephew’s grave.
Next morning she walked alone towards the grave. As she was searching at the mean time she saw a man knelt behind a line of headstones-evidently a gardener. He did not introduce with her neither did he salute her. He asked her who she was looking for. She said it was Lieutenant Michael Turrell, her nephew. He had finite compassion in his expression and eyes. He said he would show her where her ‘son’ lay. She went away, supposing him to be the gardener when she left the cemetery.
Speaking Of Children
SPEAKING OF CHILDREN
[Written by: Barbara Holland]
Major theme of essay: - drawbacks of having more children.
“Speaking of Children” is one of humorous essay that explains about that the obstacles that the parents have to face after having many children. The essayist has lightly and joyfully criticized about having more number of children. According to the essayist one child is lake a part of parent body .He is outnumbered. Parents can do anything with him. They can brainwash him or teach him anything they lake .They can take him to anywhere they like as well. But plural children make parents life troublesome .Parents cannot enjoy their holiday freely. They have to go to the laces of the entertainment for children.
The famous writer Barbara Holland has lightly probed the subject matter in the essay. She has told that they have to rapidly change their flat for a better school for their children. In others word parents have to move from their own life to their children life. Thus, with own child parents can live in their own way but with more than one child their lives become complicated. Moreover according to the writer some private chatting between husband and wife is important for a healthy marriage life .But the couple having many children nearly gets any chance for the private talk .Whenever they start talking they are disturbed by the children by the one way or another way. To express their feelings the husband and the wife can write to each other but after the children learn to read ,they cannot do that either .The parents have to use different languages or they can telephone to each other from their office.
In this essay, the writer delightfully examines the disadvantages of having many children and advantages of having single children.
Alternatively,
Speaking Of Children
Barbara Holland
‘Speaking of Children’ is an essay by Barbara Holland in which she delightfully and critically examines the idea of having more than one child and the consequent expenses of parents. The entire essay centers round the issue of having a single child is far better than to have money. The essayist goes on arguing the possible difficulties and disasters which the parents have it bear if a house is filled with many children. She has raised the most burning issue of overpopulation that has further generated series of challenges and risks to the living beings of the present world.
She begins this essay with a humble statement ‘one child is an appendage and more than one is a way of life’. The statement genuinely implies that single child like our body and we can attach him or her in our body and we can carry wherever we go or whatever our circumstances may be. But having many children in the house is certainly a matter of burden. It is obvious that it is quite hard for the parents to provide proper care and affection equally for their all children. Consequently the children are abided from good education, proper health care and other facilities, which are the key components for the overall development of children’s personality. Moreover they disturb the privacy between husband and wife without letting them chances of private talk related to their job, income, business and their experiences of their duty and so on. In a sense they need to be worried all the time for their future prospects as well as to satisfy their unsuitable demands of hunger and enjoyment. The essayist minutely examines some other dark sides in this regard like they make their house dirty, create unnecessary noise, and make wounds in their body, which ultimately goes in the hands of parents.
Eventually, the essayist makes an appeal to the readers so as to make us aware of in time from committing such blunder. She strongly suggests us to have a single child for the happiness and prosperity of family life. Every details and illustrations are quite prescriptive in nature that intends us to be aware of such mistakes. The essay is quite funny, humorous, informative in quality and filled with various fragments.
[Written by: Barbara Holland]
Major theme of essay: - drawbacks of having more children.
“Speaking of Children” is one of humorous essay that explains about that the obstacles that the parents have to face after having many children. The essayist has lightly and joyfully criticized about having more number of children. According to the essayist one child is lake a part of parent body .He is outnumbered. Parents can do anything with him. They can brainwash him or teach him anything they lake .They can take him to anywhere they like as well. But plural children make parents life troublesome .Parents cannot enjoy their holiday freely. They have to go to the laces of the entertainment for children.
The famous writer Barbara Holland has lightly probed the subject matter in the essay. She has told that they have to rapidly change their flat for a better school for their children. In others word parents have to move from their own life to their children life. Thus, with own child parents can live in their own way but with more than one child their lives become complicated. Moreover according to the writer some private chatting between husband and wife is important for a healthy marriage life .But the couple having many children nearly gets any chance for the private talk .Whenever they start talking they are disturbed by the children by the one way or another way. To express their feelings the husband and the wife can write to each other but after the children learn to read ,they cannot do that either .The parents have to use different languages or they can telephone to each other from their office.
In this essay, the writer delightfully examines the disadvantages of having many children and advantages of having single children.
Alternatively,
Speaking Of Children
Barbara Holland
‘Speaking of Children’ is an essay by Barbara Holland in which she delightfully and critically examines the idea of having more than one child and the consequent expenses of parents. The entire essay centers round the issue of having a single child is far better than to have money. The essayist goes on arguing the possible difficulties and disasters which the parents have it bear if a house is filled with many children. She has raised the most burning issue of overpopulation that has further generated series of challenges and risks to the living beings of the present world.
She begins this essay with a humble statement ‘one child is an appendage and more than one is a way of life’. The statement genuinely implies that single child like our body and we can attach him or her in our body and we can carry wherever we go or whatever our circumstances may be. But having many children in the house is certainly a matter of burden. It is obvious that it is quite hard for the parents to provide proper care and affection equally for their all children. Consequently the children are abided from good education, proper health care and other facilities, which are the key components for the overall development of children’s personality. Moreover they disturb the privacy between husband and wife without letting them chances of private talk related to their job, income, business and their experiences of their duty and so on. In a sense they need to be worried all the time for their future prospects as well as to satisfy their unsuitable demands of hunger and enjoyment. The essayist minutely examines some other dark sides in this regard like they make their house dirty, create unnecessary noise, and make wounds in their body, which ultimately goes in the hands of parents.
Eventually, the essayist makes an appeal to the readers so as to make us aware of in time from committing such blunder. She strongly suggests us to have a single child for the happiness and prosperity of family life. Every details and illustrations are quite prescriptive in nature that intends us to be aware of such mistakes. The essay is quite funny, humorous, informative in quality and filled with various fragments.
The Recurring Dream
THE RECURRING DREAM
A story from England
[Major characters: Kimberly Clark and Janet Wilson]
The main character of this story, Kimberly Clerk, lives in London. She is a beautiful, young girl of 25 years old. Also she has a good position in her company and earns a handsome amount of money.
But Kim has a problem. She has a problem of Recurring Dream. She sees a mysterious dream night after night. In her Dream she sees a person and place which are completely unknown to her. Her strange Dream always starts on a country road. Kim always stands on this road and she sees a lane with a white fence and a white hedge on both each side. At the end of that lane, on the top of the hill, Kim sees a beautiful white house with green shutters. In her dream, Kim walks up the lane and towards the house, reaches the house and enters the house. Then, she looks around and in one of the rooms, she finds a man sleeping on the bed. That man is a little old man with white hair and white beard. When Kim comes near to his bead, that old man wakes up and looks at her. When Kim opens her mouth to speak to him, she suddenly wakes up in her own bed in London.
Kim is much troubled and bothered by that recurring dream of hers. Kim has a roommate named Janet Wilson with whom she shares everything. She has told her roommate about her strange dream too. One day Janet proposes Kim to her parent’s farmhouse in the countryside. Kim immediately accepts her proposal and both of them sets out to the countryside in Janet’s car. As soon as they enter on to a country road, Kim sees the same place as in her dream. Kim gets out from Janet’s car and stands out on the same country road on which she used to stand in her dream. Now Kim sees the same lane and the same house as of her Dream. Then, she slowly walks on that lane of the house. As soon as she reaches to the house she sees a board on which it was written “FOR SALE”. It was only the main difference she had seen against her Dream.
Kim knocks the door and her knock is answered by the same old man. To Kim’s surprise, that man is much terrified seeing her on his door and immediately closes the door. Kim requests the old man to open the door and the man opens the door again and asks Kim for why she came back again. Kim became so nervous and asked the old man that “This house is FOR SALE for what reason”. Then the old man replies that he is going to sale the house because the house is haunted by a ghost every night. When Kim asks the old man about the Ghost, he replies that the Ghost is none other than Kim herself.
Alternatively,
The “Recurring Dream” is a supernatural story that particularly centers round a strange dream, which Kim was frequently haunted by. Kimberly Clark, the protagonist, has undergone a serious problem which she had the same sort of dream time and again. She is a young and beautiful woman of twenty-five who used to live in London and worked in a large company. She keeps a good position in the office however she has a problem. She sees a mysterious and frightening dream almost every night. In the dream, she finds herself walking on a village lane that is surrounded by white fences on both sides of it. At the end of the lane there is a little hill where on the top a beautiful cottage is located. She enters inside the house and finds in an old man with white hair and white beards fallen asleep. When she goes near him he wakes up and looks at her. But when she tries to speak with him she wakes up and finds herself in her bed in London.
The recurring dream troubles her badly. So, she shares her problem with her roommate Janet Wilson. One day Janet went to her parents’ farm for a few days with Kim to keep Kim free from her problem. On the way Kim falls asleep and has the same dream. She was surprised to see the same place in front of her that she usually sees in her dream. She asks Janet to stop the car and she gets out of it. She sees the same lane, hill and cottage of her dream. As in the dream, she goes towards the house. There she sees assign of “FOR SALE” in front of the door.
As in the dream she knocks at the door and the same old man with white hair and white beard opens the door but he is afraid to see her. So, he immediately closes the door. Kim again requests him to open the door and when he opens it she asks him if the house is on sale. The man replied positively and says that a ghost has haunted the house every night. Then Kim asks him who the ghost is? The old man replies “It is you” then he closes the door.
A story from England
[Major characters: Kimberly Clark and Janet Wilson]
The main character of this story, Kimberly Clerk, lives in London. She is a beautiful, young girl of 25 years old. Also she has a good position in her company and earns a handsome amount of money.
But Kim has a problem. She has a problem of Recurring Dream. She sees a mysterious dream night after night. In her Dream she sees a person and place which are completely unknown to her. Her strange Dream always starts on a country road. Kim always stands on this road and she sees a lane with a white fence and a white hedge on both each side. At the end of that lane, on the top of the hill, Kim sees a beautiful white house with green shutters. In her dream, Kim walks up the lane and towards the house, reaches the house and enters the house. Then, she looks around and in one of the rooms, she finds a man sleeping on the bed. That man is a little old man with white hair and white beard. When Kim comes near to his bead, that old man wakes up and looks at her. When Kim opens her mouth to speak to him, she suddenly wakes up in her own bed in London.
Kim is much troubled and bothered by that recurring dream of hers. Kim has a roommate named Janet Wilson with whom she shares everything. She has told her roommate about her strange dream too. One day Janet proposes Kim to her parent’s farmhouse in the countryside. Kim immediately accepts her proposal and both of them sets out to the countryside in Janet’s car. As soon as they enter on to a country road, Kim sees the same place as in her dream. Kim gets out from Janet’s car and stands out on the same country road on which she used to stand in her dream. Now Kim sees the same lane and the same house as of her Dream. Then, she slowly walks on that lane of the house. As soon as she reaches to the house she sees a board on which it was written “FOR SALE”. It was only the main difference she had seen against her Dream.
Kim knocks the door and her knock is answered by the same old man. To Kim’s surprise, that man is much terrified seeing her on his door and immediately closes the door. Kim requests the old man to open the door and the man opens the door again and asks Kim for why she came back again. Kim became so nervous and asked the old man that “This house is FOR SALE for what reason”. Then the old man replies that he is going to sale the house because the house is haunted by a ghost every night. When Kim asks the old man about the Ghost, he replies that the Ghost is none other than Kim herself.
Alternatively,
The “Recurring Dream” is a supernatural story that particularly centers round a strange dream, which Kim was frequently haunted by. Kimberly Clark, the protagonist, has undergone a serious problem which she had the same sort of dream time and again. She is a young and beautiful woman of twenty-five who used to live in London and worked in a large company. She keeps a good position in the office however she has a problem. She sees a mysterious and frightening dream almost every night. In the dream, she finds herself walking on a village lane that is surrounded by white fences on both sides of it. At the end of the lane there is a little hill where on the top a beautiful cottage is located. She enters inside the house and finds in an old man with white hair and white beards fallen asleep. When she goes near him he wakes up and looks at her. But when she tries to speak with him she wakes up and finds herself in her bed in London.
The recurring dream troubles her badly. So, she shares her problem with her roommate Janet Wilson. One day Janet went to her parents’ farm for a few days with Kim to keep Kim free from her problem. On the way Kim falls asleep and has the same dream. She was surprised to see the same place in front of her that she usually sees in her dream. She asks Janet to stop the car and she gets out of it. She sees the same lane, hill and cottage of her dream. As in the dream, she goes towards the house. There she sees assign of “FOR SALE” in front of the door.
As in the dream she knocks at the door and the same old man with white hair and white beard opens the door but he is afraid to see her. So, he immediately closes the door. Kim again requests him to open the door and when he opens it she asks him if the house is on sale. The man replied positively and says that a ghost has haunted the house every night. Then Kim asks him who the ghost is? The old man replies “It is you” then he closes the door.
Oops! How’s That Again?
Oops! How’s That Again?
Roger Rosenblatt
Major theme: To point out the mistakes while speaking, translating and so on.
“Oops! How’s That Again” is an essay written by Rosenblatt and this essay has a humorous tone. Through the humorous tone also, the essayist has tried to reflect the bitter reality of human beings when they make mistake when they speak. He enriches his discussion with remarkable examples; although, as befits its subject. He is much concerned with the psychological causes of bloopers.
Human beings often make mistake knowingly and unknowingly when they speak. After making mistake they also apologize for it. From the uneducated person to highly intellectual and educated, scholar, different mistakes are made according to their level. This essay describes the mistake the people make while speaking and the reasons behind it are divided into four categories. They are as follows: i. Public Blunders ii. Memorable Translations iii. Bloopers iv. Spoonerisms.
Public Blunders are the mistakes made by the people when they give speech. While delivering the speech, they don’t actually care for the grammatical mistakes or vocabulary mistakes. These mistakes are specially committed by especially by the political leaders when they deliver their speech. They try to give emphasis by giving different examples but their sentences are not totally complete. This happens due to their tongue slip. Here the speaker may be trying to give message from one view but the different audience may take it in wrong way.
Memorable translations are the mistakes generally done by the people who speak very fast. This is also related to the psychological condition of the listener. The words spoken by the fast speaker may not be easily understood the real words. There may be misunderstanding between the speaker and listener. The person with weak psychology, if, wrongly interprets the words of the speaker, it may bring violent situation.
Bloopers are the mistakes done foolishly and not tried to correct. These mistakes are very simple types of mistakes, which are not given much importance by the speaker. This may be the habit of some people.
Spoonerisms are the mistakes, which are done by the use of incorrect words due to tongues slips. Here, wrong words are not known by the listener as the speaker immediately tries to replace the wrong word when he comes to know the mistake. While the replacement of words the speaker should be conscious as wrong replacement can misinterpret the actual meaning.
There are different views about the verbal errors according to different people. Victoria Fromkin, a linguist, says that the verbal errors happen due to tongue slips concerned with the brain. Before the words are expressed, thought is placed by the brain into a grammatical framework. Sigmund Freud, a psychiatrist, presents his theory about the verbal error in different way. According to him, a tongue slips are caused by the network of id (unconscious mind), ego (subconscious mind) and superego (conscious mind). When people make mistakes, it has become the trend to laugh at them. Why do we laugh at them we don’t know. According to the philosopher Henri Bergson, the act of laughter is caused by any interruption of normal human fluidity or momentum. So, tongue slips are like slips of banana peels. We simply make fun and hoot at the errors simply to break the monotonies.
Alternatively,
Oops! How’s that again
In this essay the essayist humorously examines our verbal error’s. The essayist illustrates different variety of verbal error’s problems, why they happen and also explains we laugh at them. The writer is mainly concerned with the psychological causes of the verbal miss steps.
The writer begins with numerous examples of verbal errors .He organizes those examples into four groups as Public blunder, Mistranslation, Bloopers, Spoonerism. Public blunder is the first type of verbal errors in which the speaker comments some verbal errors publicly. E.g.: A businessman Peter Belfour wished the happy married life of prince Charles with lady Jane .But the prince was engaged to Lady Diana .Lady Jane was his Ex-Girlfriend. The second group of verbal errors is mistranslation .While translating something from one language to another language .Some wrong translation may occur E.g.: The slogan “Come Alive With Pepsi” failed in German when it was translated as “Come Alive Out of Grave With Pepsi”.
Further the writer talks about Bloopers which are the embracing errors made on Radio and Television by different R.J and V.J .E.g.: The radio announcer Harry Vonzell Tntroduce the president Herbert Hoover as Hoobert Heever. Finaly spoonerism is the transportation of the sound of the word by accident .This type of verbal errors was introduced by William spooner who once chided his student like this: “You have Hissed all my mystery lecture”. Actually he wanted to say “you have missed all my history lecture”. The writer than draws our attentation to the causes of such verbal errors. According to him such mistake are funny but linguist and psychologist think them as important verbal errors and psychological behavior .A linguist Victoria framkin psychoanalyst says that such slips of tongue are clues to show how our brain stores and articulates language. The Psychoanalyst, Sigmmd Freud explained such error’s (Verbal errors) as the expression of the speaker inner thoughts.
Writer examine why we laugh at such verbal errors. According to him at such mistake we laugh because they are new and delightful to us. According to the Philosopher Henri Bergson people laugh if there is a break in normal action of everyday monotonous life. The slips of the tongue breaks the everybody sameness and monotones. According to essayist we delightfully laugh at the slips of tongue because they are revelation of the speaker in her desires.
We laugh at the charitable wish very kindly and not harshly .We kindly laugh when some nice inner wishes or rival through the verbal errors eg: when Geraldford said in the 1976 President debate that Poland was not under the soviet domination .It was the expression of charitable wish. In this way througout the essay the writer examines our verbal behaviors in a very delightful tone. Acc to him such verbal missteps shows as a new world of logic and possibility.
Roger Rosenblatt
Major theme: To point out the mistakes while speaking, translating and so on.
“Oops! How’s That Again” is an essay written by Rosenblatt and this essay has a humorous tone. Through the humorous tone also, the essayist has tried to reflect the bitter reality of human beings when they make mistake when they speak. He enriches his discussion with remarkable examples; although, as befits its subject. He is much concerned with the psychological causes of bloopers.
Human beings often make mistake knowingly and unknowingly when they speak. After making mistake they also apologize for it. From the uneducated person to highly intellectual and educated, scholar, different mistakes are made according to their level. This essay describes the mistake the people make while speaking and the reasons behind it are divided into four categories. They are as follows: i. Public Blunders ii. Memorable Translations iii. Bloopers iv. Spoonerisms.
Public Blunders are the mistakes made by the people when they give speech. While delivering the speech, they don’t actually care for the grammatical mistakes or vocabulary mistakes. These mistakes are specially committed by especially by the political leaders when they deliver their speech. They try to give emphasis by giving different examples but their sentences are not totally complete. This happens due to their tongue slip. Here the speaker may be trying to give message from one view but the different audience may take it in wrong way.
Memorable translations are the mistakes generally done by the people who speak very fast. This is also related to the psychological condition of the listener. The words spoken by the fast speaker may not be easily understood the real words. There may be misunderstanding between the speaker and listener. The person with weak psychology, if, wrongly interprets the words of the speaker, it may bring violent situation.
Bloopers are the mistakes done foolishly and not tried to correct. These mistakes are very simple types of mistakes, which are not given much importance by the speaker. This may be the habit of some people.
Spoonerisms are the mistakes, which are done by the use of incorrect words due to tongues slips. Here, wrong words are not known by the listener as the speaker immediately tries to replace the wrong word when he comes to know the mistake. While the replacement of words the speaker should be conscious as wrong replacement can misinterpret the actual meaning.
There are different views about the verbal errors according to different people. Victoria Fromkin, a linguist, says that the verbal errors happen due to tongue slips concerned with the brain. Before the words are expressed, thought is placed by the brain into a grammatical framework. Sigmund Freud, a psychiatrist, presents his theory about the verbal error in different way. According to him, a tongue slips are caused by the network of id (unconscious mind), ego (subconscious mind) and superego (conscious mind). When people make mistakes, it has become the trend to laugh at them. Why do we laugh at them we don’t know. According to the philosopher Henri Bergson, the act of laughter is caused by any interruption of normal human fluidity or momentum. So, tongue slips are like slips of banana peels. We simply make fun and hoot at the errors simply to break the monotonies.
Alternatively,
Oops! How’s that again
In this essay the essayist humorously examines our verbal error’s. The essayist illustrates different variety of verbal error’s problems, why they happen and also explains we laugh at them. The writer is mainly concerned with the psychological causes of the verbal miss steps.
The writer begins with numerous examples of verbal errors .He organizes those examples into four groups as Public blunder, Mistranslation, Bloopers, Spoonerism. Public blunder is the first type of verbal errors in which the speaker comments some verbal errors publicly. E.g.: A businessman Peter Belfour wished the happy married life of prince Charles with lady Jane .But the prince was engaged to Lady Diana .Lady Jane was his Ex-Girlfriend. The second group of verbal errors is mistranslation .While translating something from one language to another language .Some wrong translation may occur E.g.: The slogan “Come Alive With Pepsi” failed in German when it was translated as “Come Alive Out of Grave With Pepsi”.
Further the writer talks about Bloopers which are the embracing errors made on Radio and Television by different R.J and V.J .E.g.: The radio announcer Harry Vonzell Tntroduce the president Herbert Hoover as Hoobert Heever. Finaly spoonerism is the transportation of the sound of the word by accident .This type of verbal errors was introduced by William spooner who once chided his student like this: “You have Hissed all my mystery lecture”. Actually he wanted to say “you have missed all my history lecture”. The writer than draws our attentation to the causes of such verbal errors. According to him such mistake are funny but linguist and psychologist think them as important verbal errors and psychological behavior .A linguist Victoria framkin psychoanalyst says that such slips of tongue are clues to show how our brain stores and articulates language. The Psychoanalyst, Sigmmd Freud explained such error’s (Verbal errors) as the expression of the speaker inner thoughts.
Writer examine why we laugh at such verbal errors. According to him at such mistake we laugh because they are new and delightful to us. According to the Philosopher Henri Bergson people laugh if there is a break in normal action of everyday monotonous life. The slips of the tongue breaks the everybody sameness and monotones. According to essayist we delightfully laugh at the slips of tongue because they are revelation of the speaker in her desires.
We laugh at the charitable wish very kindly and not harshly .We kindly laugh when some nice inner wishes or rival through the verbal errors eg: when Geraldford said in the 1976 President debate that Poland was not under the soviet domination .It was the expression of charitable wish. In this way througout the essay the writer examines our verbal behaviors in a very delightful tone. Acc to him such verbal missteps shows as a new world of logic and possibility.
ON THE VANITY OF EARTHLY GREATNESS
ON THE VANITY OF EARTHLY GREATNESS
Written by: Arthur Guiterman (1871-1943)
-Flawless poem which makes us realize the remorselessness of time and the vanity of human greatness.
“On the Vanity of Worldly Things” is a poem written by Arthur Guiterman, an American poet and journalist, is best known for his humorous verse. Through humour, he has tried to depict the reality of human beings and animals caused by the change in time. It shows the bitter reality that the power of animals or human beings doesn’t remain same when time and situation change. We always run after reputation and prestige. We become or want to be great and we think it will remain the same forever. We earn reputation and prestige and we think it will remain the same forever. We earn reputation and we think that the credit won’t be lost but actually we won’t think that is destroyed in due course of time. Our greatness is dismissed by time. So, time laughs at our blindness and pride.
Time is such a thing on which we cannot get victory. The nature has given us limited time to live and exercise our power. Beyond that time, we cannot move according to our desire. Only in favourable time and situation we can perform our actions or activities.
The “vanity” actually means the degrading value of reputations of any persons and animals in the world. To clarify this point the writer has presented few examples. Julius Caesar was a great warrior and a famous general statesman. He earned a great name and fame in his time through his strength and power. But that power lost its value with the change in the time and situation. He does not posses any arm and power to show his power of the past. His head is on the shelf and weapons and other things belongings are only in the museum in the form of history.
The roman emperor Charlemagne was a great in his time by his sword, power. But the power of his sword also became meaningless due to the change in time. Now that sword has been rusted and is kept useless in the museum. Not only the great kings and warriors, but there is also good presentation of powerful animals whose value has been decreased. Grizzly bear, whose embrace was very dreadful, has become nothing more than a rug to give warmth. Tusks of mighty brawls of mastodons have been changed into playing things like billiard balls.
All the given examples are concerned with the greatness but the greatness has been turned and reduced to valueless things. The vanity human greatness and animals’ strength have become a good subject to present irony. That irony makes one feel unwell and quite indifferent to the person.
Everybody becomes great in his time and situation but later on he becomes helpless and valueless. All reputation and achievements will be dismissed quickly. So, it is useless to take pride in one’s power as everything decays and fades away in due course of time.
Written by: Arthur Guiterman (1871-1943)
-Flawless poem which makes us realize the remorselessness of time and the vanity of human greatness.
“On the Vanity of Worldly Things” is a poem written by Arthur Guiterman, an American poet and journalist, is best known for his humorous verse. Through humour, he has tried to depict the reality of human beings and animals caused by the change in time. It shows the bitter reality that the power of animals or human beings doesn’t remain same when time and situation change. We always run after reputation and prestige. We become or want to be great and we think it will remain the same forever. We earn reputation and prestige and we think it will remain the same forever. We earn reputation and we think that the credit won’t be lost but actually we won’t think that is destroyed in due course of time. Our greatness is dismissed by time. So, time laughs at our blindness and pride.
Time is such a thing on which we cannot get victory. The nature has given us limited time to live and exercise our power. Beyond that time, we cannot move according to our desire. Only in favourable time and situation we can perform our actions or activities.
The “vanity” actually means the degrading value of reputations of any persons and animals in the world. To clarify this point the writer has presented few examples. Julius Caesar was a great warrior and a famous general statesman. He earned a great name and fame in his time through his strength and power. But that power lost its value with the change in the time and situation. He does not posses any arm and power to show his power of the past. His head is on the shelf and weapons and other things belongings are only in the museum in the form of history.
The roman emperor Charlemagne was a great in his time by his sword, power. But the power of his sword also became meaningless due to the change in time. Now that sword has been rusted and is kept useless in the museum. Not only the great kings and warriors, but there is also good presentation of powerful animals whose value has been decreased. Grizzly bear, whose embrace was very dreadful, has become nothing more than a rug to give warmth. Tusks of mighty brawls of mastodons have been changed into playing things like billiard balls.
All the given examples are concerned with the greatness but the greatness has been turned and reduced to valueless things. The vanity human greatness and animals’ strength have become a good subject to present irony. That irony makes one feel unwell and quite indifferent to the person.
Everybody becomes great in his time and situation but later on he becomes helpless and valueless. All reputation and achievements will be dismissed quickly. So, it is useless to take pride in one’s power as everything decays and fades away in due course of time.
My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold
MY HEART LEAPS UP WHEN I BEHOLD
Written by: William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
Notable for love of nature and simple language of poetry, William Wordsworth explores poetry as the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings and emotions recollected in tranquility. Thus the poet here projects his poetry philosophy as a trial when he happens to have a glimpse and recollects the joyful moment of the rainbow and his own experiences of childhood days with a meaningful conclusion.
The speaker in the poem happens to view the rainbow in the sky. All of a sudden he feels great sensations in the form of happiness. He after that realizes the existence of the rainbow in the past, at present and so in the future .Mean while he concludes that the existence of rainbow of human beings is only possible in the existence of nature otherwise for him death is much better than the living life. Flashing back to the glimpse of the rainbow, he in no time gets back to his childhood memories, and synthesizes the childish feelings and the emotion with the fusion of intellect as the child is the father of man and deep respect for nature.
Summing up the poem” My Heart Leaps when I behold” is the experimentation of Romantic trend in poetry. In fact, the poet is successful in the application of poetic Philosophy. Beginning with the feeling and emotions in the present of rainbow and the childhood days on the other, the speaker develops a great message that the child in a sense is the University of the World itself where one learns many things like sense of innocence, creativity and so on. Finally he is in opinion that the existence of human beings depends on the existence of nature the poet regards God is quite different analysis in a sense.
Alternatively,
My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold
William Wordsworth
‘My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold’ is a beautiful poem composed by a famous English romantic poet William Wordsworth. The poet is a great lover of nature as well as true worshiper of God and nature. In this poem, the poet recollects (remembers) the experiences of his childhood days and gives his emotion and feeling a meaning that the poet wants continuity of life and nature. For him, nature is both God and religion. In this poem, he not only presents the reality of human life but also shows a deep respect to God and religion wishing his days to be bound each to each by natural piety.
The poet says that he becomes very happy to see the nature going on in the same way. So, he says that his heart leaps up with great happiness or joy when he sees a beautiful rainbow in the sky. The colourful rainbow symbolizes the continuity of the nature and colourful human life. The rainbow was there in the sky when the poet was born and he has now become a matured man. He also wants the rainbow to be in the sky when he has become a matured man. He also wants the rainbow to be the same in future. He says that present is the result of the past and future will be the result of the present. In this way the poet shows that time and nature are ongoing phenomena of universe. If there is any break in this continuation the poet wants to die. The poet also says that both are inevitable.
The poet presents his main idea of the poem through the paradoxical line “The Child (past) is the father (present) of the future.” The poet means to say that human life begins from childhood. A man can’t be a father without being a child. According to the poet, father means from whom the creation of new generation takes place. It is the child from whom the manhood begins. Thus the child is really the father of man. Yesterday’s child is today’s man (father) and today’s child is tomorrow’s father. The poet also says that nature is God, religion and source of life and inspiration. He worships, loves and respects the nature. He also wishes the continuation of time (past, present and future) in the nature in the same way.
Written by: William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
Notable for love of nature and simple language of poetry, William Wordsworth explores poetry as the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings and emotions recollected in tranquility. Thus the poet here projects his poetry philosophy as a trial when he happens to have a glimpse and recollects the joyful moment of the rainbow and his own experiences of childhood days with a meaningful conclusion.
The speaker in the poem happens to view the rainbow in the sky. All of a sudden he feels great sensations in the form of happiness. He after that realizes the existence of the rainbow in the past, at present and so in the future .Mean while he concludes that the existence of rainbow of human beings is only possible in the existence of nature otherwise for him death is much better than the living life. Flashing back to the glimpse of the rainbow, he in no time gets back to his childhood memories, and synthesizes the childish feelings and the emotion with the fusion of intellect as the child is the father of man and deep respect for nature.
Summing up the poem” My Heart Leaps when I behold” is the experimentation of Romantic trend in poetry. In fact, the poet is successful in the application of poetic Philosophy. Beginning with the feeling and emotions in the present of rainbow and the childhood days on the other, the speaker develops a great message that the child in a sense is the University of the World itself where one learns many things like sense of innocence, creativity and so on. Finally he is in opinion that the existence of human beings depends on the existence of nature the poet regards God is quite different analysis in a sense.
Alternatively,
My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold
William Wordsworth
‘My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold’ is a beautiful poem composed by a famous English romantic poet William Wordsworth. The poet is a great lover of nature as well as true worshiper of God and nature. In this poem, the poet recollects (remembers) the experiences of his childhood days and gives his emotion and feeling a meaning that the poet wants continuity of life and nature. For him, nature is both God and religion. In this poem, he not only presents the reality of human life but also shows a deep respect to God and religion wishing his days to be bound each to each by natural piety.
The poet says that he becomes very happy to see the nature going on in the same way. So, he says that his heart leaps up with great happiness or joy when he sees a beautiful rainbow in the sky. The colourful rainbow symbolizes the continuity of the nature and colourful human life. The rainbow was there in the sky when the poet was born and he has now become a matured man. He also wants the rainbow to be in the sky when he has become a matured man. He also wants the rainbow to be the same in future. He says that present is the result of the past and future will be the result of the present. In this way the poet shows that time and nature are ongoing phenomena of universe. If there is any break in this continuation the poet wants to die. The poet also says that both are inevitable.
The poet presents his main idea of the poem through the paradoxical line “The Child (past) is the father (present) of the future.” The poet means to say that human life begins from childhood. A man can’t be a father without being a child. According to the poet, father means from whom the creation of new generation takes place. It is the child from whom the manhood begins. Thus the child is really the father of man. Yesterday’s child is today’s man (father) and today’s child is tomorrow’s father. The poet also says that nature is God, religion and source of life and inspiration. He worships, loves and respects the nature. He also wishes the continuation of time (past, present and future) in the nature in the same way.
Malini
Malini
-Rabindranath Tagore
Major characters: King, Prince, Supriya, Kemankar, Brahmins, Queen, Malini
- Story of love and harted.
Rabindranath Tagore is a Bengali Indian poet, writer and philosopher. He was born is 1861 and died in Calcutta (now Kolkata). He is famous for his poetic works, philosophical plays, novels and short stories. The poetic play, Malini, is a story of love and hatred. It also deals with the topics such as religion, faith, friendship, devotion, sacrifice, forgiveness, loyalty, betrayal, etc.
The play opens with the agitation of the Hindu Brahmins for the banishment of Malini, the princess of Kashi. A Hindu kingdom. Malini has been charged for her acceptance of a new creed, i.e. Buddhism. Having been taught by Buddhist Monks, she was influenced by Buddhism. She does not find any attachment with the worldly beauty and the material world. She thinks that wealth does not cling to whose destiny it is to find riches in poverty. Her mother, the Queen opines that for a woman, husband and children are the objects of worship.
The king and the Queen are worried about her acceptance of Buddhism and request her to give up her new creed. The Queen believes Malini to be a pure flame of fire and thinks some divine spirit has taken birth in her but the king does not want her to take the burden of the world on her shoulders.
Kemankar, a firm and determined youth, is the leader of agitators. Supriya, the childhood friend of Kemankar is also an agitator. Malini is charged as a poisonous snake who is aiming at the heart of Hindu religion. Supriya does not approve the idea to banish Malini in the name of religion. He knows that the truth cannot be determined by the force of numbers. He supports Malimi’s belief that the love and truth as soul and body of all religions. Though the essence of all religions is same, Kemankar believes in their different forms. Supriya leaves the assembly assuring Kemankar about their friendship.
All the agitators step back when they come to know that the army is in support of the agitation. They think it as a rebellion and extreme measure. They believe that their faith, not the arms, will give them victory. So make penance and invoke the goddess to descend from heaven to less and give power to them. Malini enters with all in the palace, and receives the honour of the ordinary citizens except Kemankar and Supriya. They ask for forgiveness, Malini announces her self exile and wants to make home renouncing the royal palace.
Kemankar becomes alone in the agitation. So he makes a plan to go to the foreign land to bring soldiers to fight. Though Supriya does not like this plan, he wants to go with him for their friendship’sake. Kemankar orders him to remain there to watch and keep him informed.
The first part of the play ends with the conversation about Malini. The king shows the determination to banish Malini as the demand persisted but he immediately changes his mood when he learns about Malini’s missing. But Malini is brought back by the Brahmins and the soldiers with a great honour.
The second part of the play opens in the garden where Malini and Supriya are talking. Supriya wants to be led by Malini but she does not think herself so great to lead him. During conversation Malini wants to learn about Kemankar from Supriya. He said that Kemankar’s mind has always been firm and determined while his mind or thoughts are always flickering with doubts. Supriya suddenly reveals that he has deceived his friend by informing his plan to the king.
The king enters. He is very much happy with Supriya and so he proposes Supriya to ask for anything even the princess Malini along with provinces worthy to tempt a king. But he refuses all. He thinks these as rewards for his treachery. He only wants love from Malini, which she has for every creature in the world.
Kemankar has been captured by the king’s soldiers and the king is going to execute him for his treason. Both Malini and Supriya plead the king to pardon him. He is brought before the king who wishes to meet Supriya. Since he wants to know why Supriya has done that or why he betrayed his own friend. Supriya replies he did to keep faith. He blames Supriya being a faithless. Supriya replies that true faith is there is love, where there is man. He says he got the knowledge from malini, which he could not get from any sacred books. Supriya wants to make compromise but Kemankar says falsehood and truth cannot live side by side in friendship.
Supriya assures Kemnakar that he is paying his life for his love as Kemankar knows for the faith. At this Kemankar wants them to be judged in front of the death. Then Kemankar strikes Supriya with his chains and Supriya falls and he dies. Kemankar calls for his executioner but Malini requests the king to forgive him.
Character sketch of Malini.
-Princess of Kashi, a Hindu kingdom.
-Innocent young girl.
-Influenced by Buddhism.
-Does not find any attachment with the worldly beauty and material world.
-Thinks that wealth does not cling to those whose destiny it is to find riches in poverty.
-She is a Pure flame of fire and seems as if some divine spirit has taken birth in her.
-Maintains that love and truth to be the soul and body of a religion.
-Has love for all the creatures in the world.
-Has infinite compassion to everyone, even to the sinner as Kemankar.
-Like a lamp in the darkness.
-Has forgive to everyone, etc.
Alternatively,
Malini
In the play the major character Malini is the princess of Kashi, who is practicing Buddhism as taught by Buddhist monks but as the Kingdom is dominated by Hindu majority, the Brahmins demands the banishment of princess ,whom they think as a threaten to their ancient religion.
The Brahmins are lead by Kamankar who is radical Hindu. Kemankar has a friend name Supriya. Supriya is also a Brahmin but he is a liberal man and oppose the banishment of an innocent girl like Malini. When other Brahmin are drawn towards Malini fate, Kemankar tries to seek the help of the foreign soldiers to protect Hinduism. In the mean time when Kemankar is away from the state ,Supriya too is attracted by Malini’s fate. Supriya helps the king to capture Kemankar ,But when Kemankar is bought to the palace he kills supriya also accepts his own death .The play ends with Malini pleading to King to forgive Kemankar.
Throughout the play Malini is the symbol of the love who wants to protect Kemankar life even though Kemankar desperately wants her banishment where as Kemankar has radical Hindu belief who even goes to the extent of Killing his own friend and accepting his own death in the name of religion. Supriya though he is a Hindu by birth but he can accept change in his religious beliefs.
In the play Kemankar appears to hold Patriarchal attitude and inferiories women. According to him the women as an enemy is to be dreaded more than all others because man’s power gladly surrender itself to her powerlessness. “Here Kemankar is indicating Malini as a powerless and weak creatures and fears that the Brahmins might surrender themselves to Malini’s powerlessness.
-Rabindranath Tagore
Major characters: King, Prince, Supriya, Kemankar, Brahmins, Queen, Malini
- Story of love and harted.
Rabindranath Tagore is a Bengali Indian poet, writer and philosopher. He was born is 1861 and died in Calcutta (now Kolkata). He is famous for his poetic works, philosophical plays, novels and short stories. The poetic play, Malini, is a story of love and hatred. It also deals with the topics such as religion, faith, friendship, devotion, sacrifice, forgiveness, loyalty, betrayal, etc.
The play opens with the agitation of the Hindu Brahmins for the banishment of Malini, the princess of Kashi. A Hindu kingdom. Malini has been charged for her acceptance of a new creed, i.e. Buddhism. Having been taught by Buddhist Monks, she was influenced by Buddhism. She does not find any attachment with the worldly beauty and the material world. She thinks that wealth does not cling to whose destiny it is to find riches in poverty. Her mother, the Queen opines that for a woman, husband and children are the objects of worship.
The king and the Queen are worried about her acceptance of Buddhism and request her to give up her new creed. The Queen believes Malini to be a pure flame of fire and thinks some divine spirit has taken birth in her but the king does not want her to take the burden of the world on her shoulders.
Kemankar, a firm and determined youth, is the leader of agitators. Supriya, the childhood friend of Kemankar is also an agitator. Malini is charged as a poisonous snake who is aiming at the heart of Hindu religion. Supriya does not approve the idea to banish Malini in the name of religion. He knows that the truth cannot be determined by the force of numbers. He supports Malimi’s belief that the love and truth as soul and body of all religions. Though the essence of all religions is same, Kemankar believes in their different forms. Supriya leaves the assembly assuring Kemankar about their friendship.
All the agitators step back when they come to know that the army is in support of the agitation. They think it as a rebellion and extreme measure. They believe that their faith, not the arms, will give them victory. So make penance and invoke the goddess to descend from heaven to less and give power to them. Malini enters with all in the palace, and receives the honour of the ordinary citizens except Kemankar and Supriya. They ask for forgiveness, Malini announces her self exile and wants to make home renouncing the royal palace.
Kemankar becomes alone in the agitation. So he makes a plan to go to the foreign land to bring soldiers to fight. Though Supriya does not like this plan, he wants to go with him for their friendship’sake. Kemankar orders him to remain there to watch and keep him informed.
The first part of the play ends with the conversation about Malini. The king shows the determination to banish Malini as the demand persisted but he immediately changes his mood when he learns about Malini’s missing. But Malini is brought back by the Brahmins and the soldiers with a great honour.
The second part of the play opens in the garden where Malini and Supriya are talking. Supriya wants to be led by Malini but she does not think herself so great to lead him. During conversation Malini wants to learn about Kemankar from Supriya. He said that Kemankar’s mind has always been firm and determined while his mind or thoughts are always flickering with doubts. Supriya suddenly reveals that he has deceived his friend by informing his plan to the king.
The king enters. He is very much happy with Supriya and so he proposes Supriya to ask for anything even the princess Malini along with provinces worthy to tempt a king. But he refuses all. He thinks these as rewards for his treachery. He only wants love from Malini, which she has for every creature in the world.
Kemankar has been captured by the king’s soldiers and the king is going to execute him for his treason. Both Malini and Supriya plead the king to pardon him. He is brought before the king who wishes to meet Supriya. Since he wants to know why Supriya has done that or why he betrayed his own friend. Supriya replies he did to keep faith. He blames Supriya being a faithless. Supriya replies that true faith is there is love, where there is man. He says he got the knowledge from malini, which he could not get from any sacred books. Supriya wants to make compromise but Kemankar says falsehood and truth cannot live side by side in friendship.
Supriya assures Kemnakar that he is paying his life for his love as Kemankar knows for the faith. At this Kemankar wants them to be judged in front of the death. Then Kemankar strikes Supriya with his chains and Supriya falls and he dies. Kemankar calls for his executioner but Malini requests the king to forgive him.
Character sketch of Malini.
-Princess of Kashi, a Hindu kingdom.
-Innocent young girl.
-Influenced by Buddhism.
-Does not find any attachment with the worldly beauty and material world.
-Thinks that wealth does not cling to those whose destiny it is to find riches in poverty.
-She is a Pure flame of fire and seems as if some divine spirit has taken birth in her.
-Maintains that love and truth to be the soul and body of a religion.
-Has love for all the creatures in the world.
-Has infinite compassion to everyone, even to the sinner as Kemankar.
-Like a lamp in the darkness.
-Has forgive to everyone, etc.
Alternatively,
Malini
In the play the major character Malini is the princess of Kashi, who is practicing Buddhism as taught by Buddhist monks but as the Kingdom is dominated by Hindu majority, the Brahmins demands the banishment of princess ,whom they think as a threaten to their ancient religion.
The Brahmins are lead by Kamankar who is radical Hindu. Kemankar has a friend name Supriya. Supriya is also a Brahmin but he is a liberal man and oppose the banishment of an innocent girl like Malini. When other Brahmin are drawn towards Malini fate, Kemankar tries to seek the help of the foreign soldiers to protect Hinduism. In the mean time when Kemankar is away from the state ,Supriya too is attracted by Malini’s fate. Supriya helps the king to capture Kemankar ,But when Kemankar is bought to the palace he kills supriya also accepts his own death .The play ends with Malini pleading to King to forgive Kemankar.
Throughout the play Malini is the symbol of the love who wants to protect Kemankar life even though Kemankar desperately wants her banishment where as Kemankar has radical Hindu belief who even goes to the extent of Killing his own friend and accepting his own death in the name of religion. Supriya though he is a Hindu by birth but he can accept change in his religious beliefs.
In the play Kemankar appears to hold Patriarchal attitude and inferiories women. According to him the women as an enemy is to be dreaded more than all others because man’s power gladly surrender itself to her powerlessness. “Here Kemankar is indicating Malini as a powerless and weak creatures and fears that the Brahmins might surrender themselves to Malini’s powerlessness.
Look At A Teacup
LOOK AT A TEA CUP
[Written by: Patricia Hampl (1946)
Major theme: - Relationship between a mother and her daughter and a connection between past and present generation, both being represented by a Teacup.
The story ‘Look At A Teacup’, written by Patricia Hampel, shows how a simple writing helps in finding out great events. It is about the history of writer’s mother in a delicate teacup. The two major themes of this essay are relationship between a mother and her daughter and a connection between the past generation and present generation. Both these things are represented by a teacup.
The writer’s mother was married in the year 1939, the beginning of the Second World War. The same year she bought the teacups as gifts that were later given to the daughter. Hampel sees a connection between herself and her mother. The teacup reminds her of her mother’s history because her mother bought it in 1939. Through the cup the mother transfers the culture and history of her time to the daughter. So, the cup is historical memory only. It was made in Czechoslovakia, which was taken over and destroyed by the armies of Adolf Hitler.
The essay associates and removes the objective description and subjective feeling of author and teacup. The author can express lots of feeling and ideas making the teacup as a medium. She tries to compare the falling of flower in the teacup as destruction of beauty due to falling bombs. There was also cultural and social degradation. The style of this essay is stream of consciousness. So, the reader feels somehow puzzled to track down the plot of the essay. She expresses all her feelings try to compete each other. So, some sentences are fragmented. Logically they do not follow each other. The writing is beautifully decorated but the meanings are deviated.
There is symbolic meaning of the things. ‘Falling flowers’ implies the degrading situation and ‘teacups’ were human rituals and arts. Certainly the essayist refers the fall and break of culture. ‘Falling bodies’ were dying people in the war and ‘beds’ have meaning of the battlefield where the falling bodies lay. ‘The falling of bombs onto women’ means the tragic fate of these women. They had the disturbed married life. Fates of women were accursed by the war and their destiny was darkened by the war and their destiny. ‘Falling countries’ refers to the degradation of humanity, peace, progress, brotherhood, culture, etc. of the countries involved in the war. This essay presents the reality of war and shows the real picture of the world caused by the destruction due to war.
Alternatively,
Look At A Teacup
_ Patricia Hampel
The essay ‘Look At A Teacup’, written by Patricia Hampel, shows how a simple writing helps in finding out great events. It is about the history of writer’s mother in a delicate teacup. The two major themes of this essay are relationship between a mother and her daughter and a connection between the past generation and present generation. Both these things are represented by a teacup.
The writer’s mother was married in the year 1939, the beginning of the Second World War. The same year she bought the teacups as gifts that were later given to the daughter. Hampel sees a connection between herself and her mother. The teacup reminds her of her mother’s history because her mother bought it in 1939. Through the cup the mother transfers the culture and history of her time to the daughter. So, the cup is historical memory only. It was made in Czechoslovakia, which was taken over and destroyed by the armies of Adolf Hitler.
The essay associates and removes the objective description and subjective feeling of author and teacup. The author can express lots of feeling and ideas making the teacup as a medium. She tries to compare the falling of flower in the teacup as destruction of beauty due to falling bombs. There was also cultural and social degradation. The style of this essay is stream of consciousness. So, the reader feels somehow puzzled to track down the plot of the essay. She expresses all her feelings try to compete each other. So, some sentences are fragmented. Logically they do not follow each other. The writing is beautifully decorated but the meanings are deviated.
There is symbolic meaning of the things. ‘Falling flowers’ implies the degrading situation and ‘teacups’ were human rituals and arts. Certainly the essayist refers the fall and break of culture. ‘Falling bodies’ were dying people in the war and ‘beds’ have meaning of the battlefield where the falling bodies lay. ‘The falling of bombs onto women’ means the tragic fate of these women. They had the disturbed married life. Fates of women were accursed by the war and their destiny was darkened by the war and their destiny. ‘Falling countries’ refers to the degradation of humanity, peace, progress, brotherhood, culture, etc. of the countries involved in the war. This essay presents the reality of war and shows the real picture of the world caused by the destruction due to war.
[Written by: Patricia Hampl (1946)
Major theme: - Relationship between a mother and her daughter and a connection between past and present generation, both being represented by a Teacup.
The story ‘Look At A Teacup’, written by Patricia Hampel, shows how a simple writing helps in finding out great events. It is about the history of writer’s mother in a delicate teacup. The two major themes of this essay are relationship between a mother and her daughter and a connection between the past generation and present generation. Both these things are represented by a teacup.
The writer’s mother was married in the year 1939, the beginning of the Second World War. The same year she bought the teacups as gifts that were later given to the daughter. Hampel sees a connection between herself and her mother. The teacup reminds her of her mother’s history because her mother bought it in 1939. Through the cup the mother transfers the culture and history of her time to the daughter. So, the cup is historical memory only. It was made in Czechoslovakia, which was taken over and destroyed by the armies of Adolf Hitler.
The essay associates and removes the objective description and subjective feeling of author and teacup. The author can express lots of feeling and ideas making the teacup as a medium. She tries to compare the falling of flower in the teacup as destruction of beauty due to falling bombs. There was also cultural and social degradation. The style of this essay is stream of consciousness. So, the reader feels somehow puzzled to track down the plot of the essay. She expresses all her feelings try to compete each other. So, some sentences are fragmented. Logically they do not follow each other. The writing is beautifully decorated but the meanings are deviated.
There is symbolic meaning of the things. ‘Falling flowers’ implies the degrading situation and ‘teacups’ were human rituals and arts. Certainly the essayist refers the fall and break of culture. ‘Falling bodies’ were dying people in the war and ‘beds’ have meaning of the battlefield where the falling bodies lay. ‘The falling of bombs onto women’ means the tragic fate of these women. They had the disturbed married life. Fates of women were accursed by the war and their destiny was darkened by the war and their destiny. ‘Falling countries’ refers to the degradation of humanity, peace, progress, brotherhood, culture, etc. of the countries involved in the war. This essay presents the reality of war and shows the real picture of the world caused by the destruction due to war.
Alternatively,
Look At A Teacup
_ Patricia Hampel
The essay ‘Look At A Teacup’, written by Patricia Hampel, shows how a simple writing helps in finding out great events. It is about the history of writer’s mother in a delicate teacup. The two major themes of this essay are relationship between a mother and her daughter and a connection between the past generation and present generation. Both these things are represented by a teacup.
The writer’s mother was married in the year 1939, the beginning of the Second World War. The same year she bought the teacups as gifts that were later given to the daughter. Hampel sees a connection between herself and her mother. The teacup reminds her of her mother’s history because her mother bought it in 1939. Through the cup the mother transfers the culture and history of her time to the daughter. So, the cup is historical memory only. It was made in Czechoslovakia, which was taken over and destroyed by the armies of Adolf Hitler.
The essay associates and removes the objective description and subjective feeling of author and teacup. The author can express lots of feeling and ideas making the teacup as a medium. She tries to compare the falling of flower in the teacup as destruction of beauty due to falling bombs. There was also cultural and social degradation. The style of this essay is stream of consciousness. So, the reader feels somehow puzzled to track down the plot of the essay. She expresses all her feelings try to compete each other. So, some sentences are fragmented. Logically they do not follow each other. The writing is beautifully decorated but the meanings are deviated.
There is symbolic meaning of the things. ‘Falling flowers’ implies the degrading situation and ‘teacups’ were human rituals and arts. Certainly the essayist refers the fall and break of culture. ‘Falling bodies’ were dying people in the war and ‘beds’ have meaning of the battlefield where the falling bodies lay. ‘The falling of bombs onto women’ means the tragic fate of these women. They had the disturbed married life. Fates of women were accursed by the war and their destiny was darkened by the war and their destiny. ‘Falling countries’ refers to the degradation of humanity, peace, progress, brotherhood, culture, etc. of the countries involved in the war. This essay presents the reality of war and shows the real picture of the world caused by the destruction due to war.
Keeping Things Whole
Keeping Things Whole
Mark Strand
# the poet pleads for wholeness against the fragmentation that goes on in life.
# Search for identity i.e. who am I? , where I am?
# everyone has a separate reason on moving from one place to another but poet is moving to find himself in the world.
# Sense of alienation.
The poem Keeping Things Whole is taken from Selected Poems (1980). The poet pleads for wholeness against the usual fragmentation that goes on in life. The poet believes in whole part and not in partial. He knows the value of each and every part of nature to present nature as whole. He tries to know the value of each and every small and small constituents of nature to continue the wholeness of nature. The poet indirectly pleads human beings to fill the gaps in the nature if they separate the parts of nature. The poet indirectly pleads human beings to keep nature whole by conserving its every small parts in every small part in every nook and corner.
The poem deals with two separate things of anything, which are part and whole. The nature has small parts small parts. It is divided into the separate elements. He has lost himself in the field. He is losing himself everywhere. The poet parts the air forward but it becomes whole behind him. He only makes the air whole, not a part. But everything becomes whole itself. We see field, air, etc as a part not as a complete. Our lives are also parted but it is only illusion. If we try to make separate parts, that is only hollowness of concept.
The poet has presented himself in the field missing and parting in the air and he is whole not part in the bank drop. He wants to be whole, not part. He is not happy with himself because he is an intruder in the natural environment. He feels that he is fragmenting, disturbing and damaging the natural wholeness that is why air moves to fill the spaces occupied by his body while he walks. He becomes careful not to disturb the wholeness of things in the environment. This shows his concern to the protection of environment.
The poet suggests that if human being involves to encourage the existence of the nature, the nature also gives reaction. For example, if we cut down the forest, land erosion, flood, landslides occur. Then, men get knowledge from the nature that the nature itself is powerful rather from human beings. Even if man tries to challenge the existence of the nature, he can’t get victory over it. So, the poet becomes very much sensitive for the delicate balance of the nature. –
The last stanza suggests that we all move to make a whole, not part. The poet moves forward and he parts the air but it becomes whole again. So, what we think of being parted i.e; that is wrong. Everything in the world is whole.
Alternatively,
Keeping things Whole
In the poem the poet pleads foe organicity and the wholeness of nature. He believes in the organic unity and is against the fragmentation. The poet argues for the wholeness against the fragmentation that goes on in life. He believes in the whole part and not in partiality.
As the poet says, wherever he is, what is missing there that means he doesn’t want to fragment or part anything while moving. So in a field he becomes the absence of that field. Even when he parts the air while moving ,the air always moves in to fill the space where his body had been.
Human beings are always in the habit of lacking of the thing in nature as the different parts and one complete organic whole .They forget everything in the nature is related to every other thing .The poet suggest that we should rather support the wholeness of nature against it’s fragmentation.
Mark Strand
# the poet pleads for wholeness against the fragmentation that goes on in life.
# Search for identity i.e. who am I? , where I am?
# everyone has a separate reason on moving from one place to another but poet is moving to find himself in the world.
# Sense of alienation.
The poem Keeping Things Whole is taken from Selected Poems (1980). The poet pleads for wholeness against the usual fragmentation that goes on in life. The poet believes in whole part and not in partial. He knows the value of each and every part of nature to present nature as whole. He tries to know the value of each and every small and small constituents of nature to continue the wholeness of nature. The poet indirectly pleads human beings to fill the gaps in the nature if they separate the parts of nature. The poet indirectly pleads human beings to keep nature whole by conserving its every small parts in every small part in every nook and corner.
The poem deals with two separate things of anything, which are part and whole. The nature has small parts small parts. It is divided into the separate elements. He has lost himself in the field. He is losing himself everywhere. The poet parts the air forward but it becomes whole behind him. He only makes the air whole, not a part. But everything becomes whole itself. We see field, air, etc as a part not as a complete. Our lives are also parted but it is only illusion. If we try to make separate parts, that is only hollowness of concept.
The poet has presented himself in the field missing and parting in the air and he is whole not part in the bank drop. He wants to be whole, not part. He is not happy with himself because he is an intruder in the natural environment. He feels that he is fragmenting, disturbing and damaging the natural wholeness that is why air moves to fill the spaces occupied by his body while he walks. He becomes careful not to disturb the wholeness of things in the environment. This shows his concern to the protection of environment.
The poet suggests that if human being involves to encourage the existence of the nature, the nature also gives reaction. For example, if we cut down the forest, land erosion, flood, landslides occur. Then, men get knowledge from the nature that the nature itself is powerful rather from human beings. Even if man tries to challenge the existence of the nature, he can’t get victory over it. So, the poet becomes very much sensitive for the delicate balance of the nature. –
The last stanza suggests that we all move to make a whole, not part. The poet moves forward and he parts the air but it becomes whole again. So, what we think of being parted i.e; that is wrong. Everything in the world is whole.
Alternatively,
Keeping things Whole
In the poem the poet pleads foe organicity and the wholeness of nature. He believes in the organic unity and is against the fragmentation. The poet argues for the wholeness against the fragmentation that goes on in life. He believes in the whole part and not in partiality.
As the poet says, wherever he is, what is missing there that means he doesn’t want to fragment or part anything while moving. So in a field he becomes the absence of that field. Even when he parts the air while moving ,the air always moves in to fill the space where his body had been.
Human beings are always in the habit of lacking of the thing in nature as the different parts and one complete organic whole .They forget everything in the nature is related to every other thing .The poet suggest that we should rather support the wholeness of nature against it’s fragmentation.
Sunday, January 1, 2012
In Bed
In Bed
Joan Didion
# Writer conveys her own painful expression of migraine headache.
‘In Bed’, an essay by Joan Didion depicts her personal experiences with migraine headache, which she inherits from her parents. She presents something unusual about the disease in a more philosophical and meditative domain of thought.
Joan spends her day in bed there almost five times a month because of the migraine headache. She knows that she is going to be attacked by the headache when she feels some sort of irritation and flow of blood in the vessels of her brain. To avoid the attack she takes some medicines and starts to work. In her earlier days, she thought that she would get rid of the disease just by denying it. Sometimes she even tells lies saying that she did not have the attack frequently. But the truth was that sometimes the attack was quite violent and long lasting. However, she feels good that she does not have any other physical problems, such as brain tumor, eyestrain or high blood pressure. She also tries to do all her normal work in spite of it. During the attack her right temple (head) would suffer extreme pain and tears would roll down from her right eyes. She would also vomit. Generally the headache may also be caused by stress, allergy, and tiredness, an abrupt change in blood pressure, a flashing light or a fire drill.
It’s strange that no medicine works effectively in case of migraine, especially when the attack begins. Some people may have hallucination, blinding effect, stomach problem, tiredness and pain in all the senses along with headache. They are even unable to do their normal work. During the attack Didion can’t see and speak clearly. She looks as if she has drunk some wine. But the headache never takes anyone’s life. It is interesting to know what doctors believe about a migraine sufferer. They said that the individual is ambitious, inward, and intolerance of unbearable pain But Didion’s untidy hair and carelessness in house keeping do not point out her migraine quality. However her great effort to write and rewrite a single paragraph for a week reveals some sort of perfection. Finally she accepts the diseases and lives with it. When she has it she simply concentrates on the pain. But after ten or twelve hours she gets some sort of refreshment and spiritual power. She opens the window and feels the air, eats gratefully and sleeps well. She feels as if she is blessed by God. Therefore she is happy.
Alternatively,
In Bed
In this essay the writer conveys the painful expression of migraine headache. She describes the migraine headache in general but particularly focuses on her own experiences as a migraine sufferer. According to her she spends her day because of the migraine pain 3-5 times a month. In the beginning she thought that she could be free from it by simply denying it. But unfortunately the savior pain of migraine never denied her. For writer her identity as a migraine sufferer was a “shameful secret” it was because she had internalized the society’s mission caption that migraine was the result of “bad attitude, unpleasant temper, and wrong think”.
Later, the writer accepted the existence of migraine headache, She accepted it as something with which she would be living, like some people live with diabetes that mean the writer gradually accepted the migraine because she had now realized that migraine was not the result of her bad attitude but the result of stress, allergy, tiredness, change in the air pressure etc. The writer had also understood that migraine was hereditary in nature. According to writer, she has migraine because both of her grandmothers had it; her mother had it and also her father had it.
In the essay Didion wants to correct the society min conception about migraine. To the society the migraine problem is imaginary then heredity. The non-sufferer think that the sufferer refuse to take any medicine thus make themselves sick. As they say,” why not take a couple of aspirin”. The writer describes the insensitive treatment of society received by the migraine sufferer s like her. She even say’s that she is even lucky because her husband has migraine and know it’s pain .At least, she doesn’t have to receive mistreatment front her husband.
Even the doctor are insensitive to words the migraine patient’s the doctor have misconception of a “migraine personality”. They think that a migraine personality is ambitious, inward, and systematic and perfectionist .Once a doctor told the writer that she didn’t look like a migraine personality .Simply, her hair was messy .The doctors too, like the rest of others, are unable to feel the pain of the migraine sufferers.
Towards the end of the essay the writer says that now she has completely accepted migraine as her friend .Now she doesn’t deny it, nor does she fight with it .Thus by using both the impressionistic and impartial styles the writer successfully describes the painful expression of being a migraine sufferer and the mistreatment that the migraine sufferer receive from the society.
Joan Didion
# Writer conveys her own painful expression of migraine headache.
‘In Bed’, an essay by Joan Didion depicts her personal experiences with migraine headache, which she inherits from her parents. She presents something unusual about the disease in a more philosophical and meditative domain of thought.
Joan spends her day in bed there almost five times a month because of the migraine headache. She knows that she is going to be attacked by the headache when she feels some sort of irritation and flow of blood in the vessels of her brain. To avoid the attack she takes some medicines and starts to work. In her earlier days, she thought that she would get rid of the disease just by denying it. Sometimes she even tells lies saying that she did not have the attack frequently. But the truth was that sometimes the attack was quite violent and long lasting. However, she feels good that she does not have any other physical problems, such as brain tumor, eyestrain or high blood pressure. She also tries to do all her normal work in spite of it. During the attack her right temple (head) would suffer extreme pain and tears would roll down from her right eyes. She would also vomit. Generally the headache may also be caused by stress, allergy, and tiredness, an abrupt change in blood pressure, a flashing light or a fire drill.
It’s strange that no medicine works effectively in case of migraine, especially when the attack begins. Some people may have hallucination, blinding effect, stomach problem, tiredness and pain in all the senses along with headache. They are even unable to do their normal work. During the attack Didion can’t see and speak clearly. She looks as if she has drunk some wine. But the headache never takes anyone’s life. It is interesting to know what doctors believe about a migraine sufferer. They said that the individual is ambitious, inward, and intolerance of unbearable pain But Didion’s untidy hair and carelessness in house keeping do not point out her migraine quality. However her great effort to write and rewrite a single paragraph for a week reveals some sort of perfection. Finally she accepts the diseases and lives with it. When she has it she simply concentrates on the pain. But after ten or twelve hours she gets some sort of refreshment and spiritual power. She opens the window and feels the air, eats gratefully and sleeps well. She feels as if she is blessed by God. Therefore she is happy.
Alternatively,
In Bed
In this essay the writer conveys the painful expression of migraine headache. She describes the migraine headache in general but particularly focuses on her own experiences as a migraine sufferer. According to her she spends her day because of the migraine pain 3-5 times a month. In the beginning she thought that she could be free from it by simply denying it. But unfortunately the savior pain of migraine never denied her. For writer her identity as a migraine sufferer was a “shameful secret” it was because she had internalized the society’s mission caption that migraine was the result of “bad attitude, unpleasant temper, and wrong think”.
Later, the writer accepted the existence of migraine headache, She accepted it as something with which she would be living, like some people live with diabetes that mean the writer gradually accepted the migraine because she had now realized that migraine was not the result of her bad attitude but the result of stress, allergy, tiredness, change in the air pressure etc. The writer had also understood that migraine was hereditary in nature. According to writer, she has migraine because both of her grandmothers had it; her mother had it and also her father had it.
In the essay Didion wants to correct the society min conception about migraine. To the society the migraine problem is imaginary then heredity. The non-sufferer think that the sufferer refuse to take any medicine thus make themselves sick. As they say,” why not take a couple of aspirin”. The writer describes the insensitive treatment of society received by the migraine sufferer s like her. She even say’s that she is even lucky because her husband has migraine and know it’s pain .At least, she doesn’t have to receive mistreatment front her husband.
Even the doctor are insensitive to words the migraine patient’s the doctor have misconception of a “migraine personality”. They think that a migraine personality is ambitious, inward, and systematic and perfectionist .Once a doctor told the writer that she didn’t look like a migraine personality .Simply, her hair was messy .The doctors too, like the rest of others, are unable to feel the pain of the migraine sufferers.
Towards the end of the essay the writer says that now she has completely accepted migraine as her friend .Now she doesn’t deny it, nor does she fight with it .Thus by using both the impressionistic and impartial styles the writer successfully describes the painful expression of being a migraine sufferer and the mistreatment that the migraine sufferer receive from the society.
Fear
FEAR
A story from puebla, Mexico
[Major characters: Armando Gonzalez]
Armando gonzalez was a very hard-working man. After he and his wife worked for twenty years, they were able to save 50,000 pesos in a large bank of Mexico City. With a dream of buying a new house Armando went to the bank to withdraw the money as per the suggestion of the agent who wanted the payment in cash. The cashier, in the bank counted the money in a loud voice. Armando thought that everyone knows how much money he had.
The people in the bank began to look at Armando because he had won his hat on backward. But he thought that they were looking at him for his money. A fat man persistently stared at him on account of the way he had worn the hat. When Armando came to the street to wait for the bus, he saw the fat man next to him. He suspected that the fat man was going to rob him, consequently his body began to shake and his heart started beating faster. Armando was waiting for the bus. When the fat man looked at his pocket, Armando thought that he was checking his pistol. In this way the situation made him quite nervous.
When the bus came, Armando got on the bus and sat on the seat behind the driver he found the same man sitting behind him. Armando’s whole dream of buying the new house was in his pocket. He was not happy because he thought that someone would easily cease his dream. Moreover, he saw three boys talking to the fat man that made him truly skeptic, whether they were the helpers of the fat man. Armando got up the bus at the next station from the front door but after sometime the boys also got off from the back door. Armando was sure that they were going to rob him. So, he cried begging help from the bystanders. Then he ran as fast as he could. The boys simply thought that he might have undergone some serious problem so they ran after him for his help. Armando fell in the ground many ground many times. Eventually, the boys meet him, who was weeping like a child and requested not to rob him. He said that he was honest and he had earned that money in fair way through hard work. However when he knew that they were not robbers, he felt ashamed. He returned to the bus stop with the boys feeling easy and happy.
Alternatively,
Fear
Armando Gonzalez was a very hard-working man. After he and his wife worked for twenty years, they were able to save 50,000 pesos in a large bank of Mexico City. With a dream of buying a new house Armando went to the bank to withdraw the money as per the suggestion of the agent who wanted the payment in cash. The cashier, in the bank counted the money in a loud voice. Armando thought that everyone knows how much money he had.
The people in the bank began to look at Armando because he had won his hat on backward. But he thought that they were looking at him for his money. A fat man persistently stared at him on account of the way he had worn the hat. When Armando came to the street to wait for the bus, he saw the fat man next to him. He suspected that the fat man was going to rob him, consequently his body began to shake and his heart started beating faster. Armando was waiting for the bus. When the fat man looked at his pocket, Armando thought that he was checking his pistol. In this way the situation made him quite nervous.
When the bus came, Armando got on the bus and sat on the seat behind the driver he found the same man sitting behind him. Armando’s whole dream of buying the new house was in his pocket. He was not happy because he thought that someone would easily cease his dream. Moreover, he saw three boys talking to the fat man that made him truly skeptic, whether they were the helpers of the fat man. Armando got up the bus at the next station from the front door but after sometime the boys also got off from the back door. Armando was sure that they were going to rob him. So, he cried begging help from the bystanders. Then he ran as fast as he could. The boys simply thought that he might have undergone some serious problem so they ran after him for his help. Armando fell in the ground many ground many times. Eventually, the boys meet him, who was weeping like a child and requested not to rob him. He said that he was honest and he had earned that money in fair way through hard work. However when he knew that they were not robbers, he felt shamed. He returned to the bus stop with the boys feeling easy and happy.
A story from puebla, Mexico
[Major characters: Armando Gonzalez]
Armando gonzalez was a very hard-working man. After he and his wife worked for twenty years, they were able to save 50,000 pesos in a large bank of Mexico City. With a dream of buying a new house Armando went to the bank to withdraw the money as per the suggestion of the agent who wanted the payment in cash. The cashier, in the bank counted the money in a loud voice. Armando thought that everyone knows how much money he had.
The people in the bank began to look at Armando because he had won his hat on backward. But he thought that they were looking at him for his money. A fat man persistently stared at him on account of the way he had worn the hat. When Armando came to the street to wait for the bus, he saw the fat man next to him. He suspected that the fat man was going to rob him, consequently his body began to shake and his heart started beating faster. Armando was waiting for the bus. When the fat man looked at his pocket, Armando thought that he was checking his pistol. In this way the situation made him quite nervous.
When the bus came, Armando got on the bus and sat on the seat behind the driver he found the same man sitting behind him. Armando’s whole dream of buying the new house was in his pocket. He was not happy because he thought that someone would easily cease his dream. Moreover, he saw three boys talking to the fat man that made him truly skeptic, whether they were the helpers of the fat man. Armando got up the bus at the next station from the front door but after sometime the boys also got off from the back door. Armando was sure that they were going to rob him. So, he cried begging help from the bystanders. Then he ran as fast as he could. The boys simply thought that he might have undergone some serious problem so they ran after him for his help. Armando fell in the ground many ground many times. Eventually, the boys meet him, who was weeping like a child and requested not to rob him. He said that he was honest and he had earned that money in fair way through hard work. However when he knew that they were not robbers, he felt ashamed. He returned to the bus stop with the boys feeling easy and happy.
Alternatively,
Fear
Armando Gonzalez was a very hard-working man. After he and his wife worked for twenty years, they were able to save 50,000 pesos in a large bank of Mexico City. With a dream of buying a new house Armando went to the bank to withdraw the money as per the suggestion of the agent who wanted the payment in cash. The cashier, in the bank counted the money in a loud voice. Armando thought that everyone knows how much money he had.
The people in the bank began to look at Armando because he had won his hat on backward. But he thought that they were looking at him for his money. A fat man persistently stared at him on account of the way he had worn the hat. When Armando came to the street to wait for the bus, he saw the fat man next to him. He suspected that the fat man was going to rob him, consequently his body began to shake and his heart started beating faster. Armando was waiting for the bus. When the fat man looked at his pocket, Armando thought that he was checking his pistol. In this way the situation made him quite nervous.
When the bus came, Armando got on the bus and sat on the seat behind the driver he found the same man sitting behind him. Armando’s whole dream of buying the new house was in his pocket. He was not happy because he thought that someone would easily cease his dream. Moreover, he saw three boys talking to the fat man that made him truly skeptic, whether they were the helpers of the fat man. Armando got up the bus at the next station from the front door but after sometime the boys also got off from the back door. Armando was sure that they were going to rob him. So, he cried begging help from the bystanders. Then he ran as fast as he could. The boys simply thought that he might have undergone some serious problem so they ran after him for his help. Armando fell in the ground many ground many times. Eventually, the boys meet him, who was weeping like a child and requested not to rob him. He said that he was honest and he had earned that money in fair way through hard work. However when he knew that they were not robbers, he felt shamed. He returned to the bus stop with the boys feeling easy and happy.
Concrete Cat
Concrete Cat
Dorthi Charles
# Example of a concrete poem- a poem made for eye.
“Concrete Cat” is an example of a concrete poem, a poem just giving focus to the physical picture and not the imagination, emotion and language. This type of poem is written for eyes and not for mind and heart. It does not appeal to the heart because it doesn’t emphasize on emotion and thought. It is written in the short form, which is also called “reduced language”. Words do not follow the regular pattern of the poems. Words are scattered in such a way that they form the real portrait of the thing to be expressed by the poem. The chief concern of such a poem is with the physical appearance of poetry- not primarily with ideas or emotions and also not with language as we ordinarily use.
This poem says something about a cat and its “catness” in action. Ear, eye, mouth, whisker, tail, etc. all sketched on the page denote both physical and abstract meanings. The middle stripe is the only place where language aspires toward poetry and becomes figurative. This middle stripe shows stomach part which says much about the human world and human activities.
Unlike other poem, the words are arranged in such a way that emotions are kept in a shadow and real portrait is highlighted. From the words written in different shapes and styles we understand the poem. The poem creates such a situation that we can see the real picture of cat immediately after we read the poem. Outer appearances seem to be important than emotions and thoughts. Different parts of cat’s body are presented by the use of words in their respective places.
Generally poems are written in certain stanza and generally follow the traditional pattern. Many poems are written in ornamental language. But, this poem doesn’t follow that pattern. This poem is made for our eyes rather than our ear. The meaning of the poem is nothing other than the portrait of the cat. The poet has used craftsmanship.
Alternatively,
CONCRETE CAT
This poem is an example at a concrete poetry. In such types of poetry the meaning is conveyed through the visual arrangement of the words. The chief concern of this type of poem is with the physical appearances of the poem. The concrete poetry is also called as the visual poetry because in such poetry the words themselves forms a picture.
In the poem the poet portrait the image of the happy cat. The letter ‘A’ in the word ear has been capitalized to indicate the upright pointed ears of the cat. Similarly the ‘Y’ in the word eye suggest that the eyes of the cat are wide open and the U in the word mouth shows that the cat’s tongue with the capitalized the poet denotes the picture of a happy cat. The poet’s indication that the cat is happy and the content is suggested also by the happy bounding placed letters in the tail. I the tail, the spaces between the letters show white color and the letters themselves show black color of the cat’s tail.
Moreover the happy cat has food indicated by the ward ‘dish dish’. Similarly a dead mouse is indicated by the upside down letters of the word mouse. This means that the cat has already killed the mouse and it’s dead body is lying flat. The cat also has the litter box to store the wastages. The ward ‘stripe’ has been used for many times to indicate a long band of color over cats body. There is a pun in the cat’s middle stripe .Pun is the word with two possible meaning .The middle stripe can be read as the stripes over cats body and it can also be read as ‘stripes’ which indicate the stomach tissue of the cat.
Dorthi Charles
# Example of a concrete poem- a poem made for eye.
“Concrete Cat” is an example of a concrete poem, a poem just giving focus to the physical picture and not the imagination, emotion and language. This type of poem is written for eyes and not for mind and heart. It does not appeal to the heart because it doesn’t emphasize on emotion and thought. It is written in the short form, which is also called “reduced language”. Words do not follow the regular pattern of the poems. Words are scattered in such a way that they form the real portrait of the thing to be expressed by the poem. The chief concern of such a poem is with the physical appearance of poetry- not primarily with ideas or emotions and also not with language as we ordinarily use.
This poem says something about a cat and its “catness” in action. Ear, eye, mouth, whisker, tail, etc. all sketched on the page denote both physical and abstract meanings. The middle stripe is the only place where language aspires toward poetry and becomes figurative. This middle stripe shows stomach part which says much about the human world and human activities.
Unlike other poem, the words are arranged in such a way that emotions are kept in a shadow and real portrait is highlighted. From the words written in different shapes and styles we understand the poem. The poem creates such a situation that we can see the real picture of cat immediately after we read the poem. Outer appearances seem to be important than emotions and thoughts. Different parts of cat’s body are presented by the use of words in their respective places.
Generally poems are written in certain stanza and generally follow the traditional pattern. Many poems are written in ornamental language. But, this poem doesn’t follow that pattern. This poem is made for our eyes rather than our ear. The meaning of the poem is nothing other than the portrait of the cat. The poet has used craftsmanship.
Alternatively,
CONCRETE CAT
This poem is an example at a concrete poetry. In such types of poetry the meaning is conveyed through the visual arrangement of the words. The chief concern of this type of poem is with the physical appearances of the poem. The concrete poetry is also called as the visual poetry because in such poetry the words themselves forms a picture.
In the poem the poet portrait the image of the happy cat. The letter ‘A’ in the word ear has been capitalized to indicate the upright pointed ears of the cat. Similarly the ‘Y’ in the word eye suggest that the eyes of the cat are wide open and the U in the word mouth shows that the cat’s tongue with the capitalized the poet denotes the picture of a happy cat. The poet’s indication that the cat is happy and the content is suggested also by the happy bounding placed letters in the tail. I the tail, the spaces between the letters show white color and the letters themselves show black color of the cat’s tail.
Moreover the happy cat has food indicated by the ward ‘dish dish’. Similarly a dead mouse is indicated by the upside down letters of the word mouse. This means that the cat has already killed the mouse and it’s dead body is lying flat. The cat also has the litter box to store the wastages. The ward ‘stripe’ has been used for many times to indicate a long band of color over cats body. There is a pun in the cat’s middle stripe .Pun is the word with two possible meaning .The middle stripe can be read as the stripes over cats body and it can also be read as ‘stripes’ which indicate the stomach tissue of the cat.
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